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ABSTRACT
In this study, evaluation of the antidiarrhoeal effect of aqueous fruit extract of Phoenix
dactylifera L. on the histology of the small intestine of Wistar rat, a preliminary
phytochemical screening of the aqueous fruit extract of Phoenix dactylifera (AEPD)
revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids and carbohydrates. Oral
acute toxicity study (LD50) of the extract was conducted and found to be greater than
5000mg/ kg in Wistar rats. The antidiarrhoeal activity of the extract was evaluated on
castor oil induced diarrhoea, gastrointestinal transit and enteropooling in Wistar rats. In the
castor oil induced diarrhoeal study, the following experiments were conducted –
determination of standard drug (loperamide) antidiarrhoeal dose between the doses of
3mg/kg and 5mg/kg loperamide in Wistar rats; antidiarrhoeal activity of the extract in
prophylactic and therapeutic administrations in Wistar rats; antidiarrhoeal activity of the
combined administration of extract and loperamide in prophylactic and therapeutic
administrations in Wistar rats. In the extract prophylactic and therapeutic treatments, the
Wistar rats were divided into four (5) groups (n= 5), group 1 served as the control; group 2
was administered loperamide (5mg/kg) as standard drug; groups 3 and 4 administered
AEPD (1000mg/kg and 2000mg/kg respectively). In the combined administration
prophylactic and therapeutic treatments, the Wistar rats were divided into four (4) groups
(n= 5), group 1 served as the control; group 2 was administered loperamide (5mg/kg);
groups 3 and 4 were administered 1000mg/kg AEPD + 5mg/kg loperamide and 2000mg/kg
AEPD + 5mg/kg loperamide respectively. In the gastrointestinal transit and enteropooling
studies, the Wistar rats were divided into four (4) groups (n= 5), group 1 served as control,
groups 2 and 3 served as extract low and high dose; administered AEPD (1000mg/kg and
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2000mg/kg respectively) and group 4 served as the standard drug group administered
loperamide (5mg/kg). The extract and the combined treatment (AEPD + standard drug)
showed inhibitory activity against castor oil induced diarrhoea in both prophylactically and
therapeutically treated animals. A significant reduction (p<0.05) in the gastrointestinal
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