CHAPTER ONE

1.0       Introduction

1.1       Background of the Study

Wireless communication has announced its arrival on big stage and the world is going mobile. We want to control everything and without moving an inch. This remote control of appliances is possible through Embedded Systems. The use of “Embedded System in Communication” has given rise to many interesting applications that ensures comfort and safety to human life.

Energy is the very important one in our lives today. We need energy to do anything in this world. The demand of power is growing at a faster rate than the transmission capacity due to the increase in population growth. To overcome the shortage of power supply, this project provides a solution for managing distribution of power to the consumers by using remote monitoring and control to avoid the power theft and bypass problem. The energy prepaid meter provides details of energy consumption which includes, load, kw, unit displays. At the energy provider side, they have the control to monitor bypass, disconnect, and reconnect remotely via sms.

The setup of Smart Energy meter utilizing GSM advancement makes the clients to pay for the energy via sms. A game plan is moreover made to close the client with the aid of GSM correspondence module when their credit in their offset goes low. This system has been proposed as an imaginative response for the issue of sensibility in utilities structure. Since a microcontroller based structure is being made, the readings can be automatically monitor and charges. This diminishes human work and meanwhile constructs the viability in calculation of bills for used energy. Brilliant energy meters will bring an answer of making mindfulness on wastage of energy and will tend to decrease wastage of power.

1.2       Problem Statement

i.          To reduce human error or high assumption done while taking the reading by human.

ii.         To reduce manpower going house by house taking reading every end of the month.

iii.        Time and labour consuming of energy provider companies

All these problem is solved using this project research work, the system design to be a     solution to many issue in the energy meter management both for the customer and the energy distributors.

1.3       Aim and Objectives

The aim of the project is to design and construct an intelligent prepaid energy meter that will be able to dictate any bypass by energy theft as well as to recharge the meter through GSM technology.

The objectives include:

i.         To design a Prepaid Energy Meter System to control the amount of energy supply based only on the prepaid amount.

ii.        To designed a system that will do proper interfacing before microcontroller and the GSM              modem.

iii.       Write a programme that can accurately monitor sms command.

1.4       Scope of the Study

In order to solve the problems stated, there have two levels required to develop the      Prepaid Energy Meter System. The levels mentioned are:

i.          The designed and development of the system will be microcontroller based using Atmel and GSM module.

ii.         The system will be capable of generating accurate meter reading, calculating the total balance after toping up-unite, send a remind sms  when unit its low and cut-off the supply when the meter.

1.5       Significant of Study

The Global system for mobile communication (GSM based prepaid energy meter is very easy to use). This system includes a mobile set or mobile modem and a recharge number as subscriber identity module (SIM). The customer will send the recharge number to his energy meter in the form of message. The meter will read the message and will recharge (update) itself for the told duration. The meter will pass on the energy as told it in the message in form of coast. In this system the meter will be digitalized and will configure all the functions in the digitalized form. When customer temper the system will automatically disconnect the customer and can only be reconnected via sms from the providers. The project categorized into three part, the first part of this project is the hardware design or electronic using processor chip (microcontroller) and the second part is the C programming for the firmware design and implementation. Each of the part will be designed and test separately to ensure is fully working.

The hardware comprised of the circuitry and the interfacing with processor chip, while the software comprised of the programming aspect for the firmware. Finally, the integration of the parts to complete the project, the figure 1 shows a typical block diagram used in this project work.

1.6       Organization of the Work

The report for this project comprises of five chapters, The chapter one is the introductory chapter that gives the statement of problem, aim, significance, scope and justification for the project. Chapter two discusses the historical background and the detailed literature reviews of related past works and developments in the industry. It deliberates on different related works done by several authors with dates. It also discusses on the limitations of some of these works. Chapter three discusses the design analysis, discussed the practical system analysis based on internet usages. Also discussed is the requirement analysis, which is all the information, gathered form a wide research on router and internet usage, data analysis, system design approaches, top-down, bottom-up, choice of design approaches, data flow arrangement and the system flow chart are also discussed. Chapter four discussed possible ways of implementation. Chapter five gives out the conclusion and recommendation.

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