- The Complete Research Material is averagely 80 pages long and it is in Ms Word Format, it has 1-5 Chapters.
- Major Attributes are Abstract, All Chapters, Figures, Appendix, References.
- Study Level: BTech, BSc, BEng, BA, HND, ND or NCE.
- Full Access Fee: ₦4,000
Get the complete project »

ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill ethanol leaf extract on kidney function in sodium arsenite-induced toxicity in Wistar albino rats. Forty (40) female Wistar albino rats weighing between 100-161g were grouped into eight (8) groups of five (5) animals each. Group 1 served as the control and was placed on rat feed and water ad libitum.Group 2 was administered 4.1mg/Kg body weight (Kgbw) of sodium arsenite only for 14 days, groups 3, 4 and 5 were administered 4.1mg/Kgbw of sodium arsenite for 14 days and 100mg/Kgbw, 200mg/Kgbw and 400mg/Kgbw of extract, respectively for another 14 days. Groups 6, 7 and 8 were administered 100mg/Kgbw, 200mg/Kgbw and 400mg/Kgbw of extract, respectively for 14 days and treatments lasted for 28 days. Results obtained revealed significant (p<0.05) increases in the serum levels of renal function biomarkers in the groups exposed to sodium arsenite only when compared with control. Treatment with the extract however, at different doses, led to significant (p< 0.05) reductions in serum levels of all assayed renal function biomarkers. Furthermore, treatment with extract only at different doses led to significant (p< 0.05) and non-significant (P˃0.05) reductions in serum levels of assayed renal function biomarkers compared with the control. Ethanol leaf extract Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill may therefore be of immense therapeutic value in mitigating sodium arsenite-induced kidney dysfunction in Wistar albino rats.
KEYWORDS: Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill, Sodium arsenite, Toxicity, Kidney dysfunction, Biomarkers.
TABLES OF CONTENTS
Title Page
Title page - - - - - - - - - i
Certification - - - - - - - - - ii
Dedication - - - - - - - - - iii
Acknowledgement - - - - - - - - - iv
Abstract - - - - - - - - - v
Table of contents - - - - - - - - - vi
List of Tables - - - - - - - - - x
List of Figures - - - - - - - - - xi
List of Plate - - - - - - - - - - xii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1Background of the study - - - - - - - 1
1.2 Aim and objectives of the study - - - - - - 4
1.3 Justification of the Study - - - - - - - 5
1.4 Significance of the Study - - - - - - - 6
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill - - - - - 7
2.1.1 Scientific Classification of Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill - 8
2.1.2 Ethno Medicinal Value of Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill - 9
2.1.3 Nutritional Value of Irvingia ganbonensis O’Rorke Baill - - 10
2.1.4 Phytochemical Constituents of Ethanol Leaf Extract
of Irvingia gabonensis O’Rorke Baill - - - - 11
2.2 Arsenic - - - - - - - - - 12
2.2.1 Inorganic Arsenic - - - - - - - - 14
2.2.2 Sodium Arsenite - - - - - - - - 15
2.2.3 Sources of Arsenic Exposure - - - - - - 16
2.2.4 Routes of Human Exposure to Arsenics - - - - 20
2.2.5 Health Effects of Arsenic - - - - - - 23
2.2.6 Mechanism of Arsenic Toxicity - - - - - 25
2.2.7 Metabolism of Inorganic Arsenic - - - - - 26
2.3 The kidney - - - - - - - - - 29
2.3.1. Functions of the Kidney - - - - - - - 31
2.3.1.1 Glomerular Filtration - - - - - - - 31
2.3.1.2 Reabsorption and Secretion - - - - - - 32
2.3.2 Markers of Renal Function - - - - - - 32
2.3.3 Creatinine - - - - - - - - - 32
2.3.4 Urea - - - - - - - - - - 33
2.3.5 Electrolytes - - - - - - - - - 34
2.4 Sodium Arsenite and Kidney - - - - - - 34
CHAPTER THREE: METHODS
3.1 Materials - - - - - - - - - 36
3.1.1 Chemicals and Reagents - - - - - - - 36
3.1.2 Equipments and Materials - - - - - - - 36
3.2 Methods - - - - - - - - - 38
3.2.1 Collection and Identification of Plant - - - - - 38
3.2.2 Extraction - - - - - - - - - 38
3.2.3 Experimental Design - - - - - - - 39
3.2.3.1 Termination of Treatment/Sacrifice - - - - - - 40
3.2.3.2 Collection of the Kidneys and Blood Samples - - - - 40
3.2.4. Serum Urea of Estimation Assay - - - - - - 40
3.2.4.1 Procedure - - - - - - - - - 41
3.2.5 Serum Creatinine Estimation Assay - - - - - - 41
3.2.5.1 Procedure - - - - - - - - - 42
3.2.6 Serum Potassium Estimation Assay - - - - - - 42
3.2.6.1 Procedure - - - - - - - - 43
3.2.7 Serum Bicarbonate Estimation Assay- - - - - 43
You either get what you want or your money back. T&C Apply

You can find more project topics easily, just search
-
SIMILAR BIOCHEMISTRY FINAL YEAR PROJECT RESEARCH TOPICS
-
1. EFFECTS OF SOIL EROSION IN EMERGING URBAN CENTRE OF AFUZE
» CHAPTER ONEINTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Soil erosion is a problem that needs to be controlled in order to forestall its danger in any loca...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages |
Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
-
2. QUALITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF S. aculeastrum SEED
» ABSTRACT Solanum aculeastrum is an important medicinal plant commonly known as soda apple, soda apple nightshade, goat apple, poison apple or more amb...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 24 pages |
Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
-
3. STUDY ON THE DESTABILIZATION OF LYSOZYME AND THE CHAPERONE-LIKE ACTIVITY OF ALPHA CRYSTALLIN FROM SOKOTO RED GOAT EYE LENS
» ABSTRACT Destabilization of Lysozyme and chaperone like action of alpha crystallin isolated from goat’s eye lens was investigated at various tempera...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages |
Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
-
4. EVALUATION OF THE ANTIDIABETIC EFFECTS OF WATER AND METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF AVOCADO (PERSEA AMERICANA) SEED ON ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
» ABSTRACT The high prevalence, complications and cost of conventional drugs in the management diabetes necessitated the search for alternative treatmen...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 50 pages |
Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
-
5. UREA AND CREATININE CONCENTRATIONS OF PLASMODIUM BERGHEI INFECTED MICE TREATED WITH COARTEM, HIPPROCRATEA AFRICANA ROOT BARK EXTRACT, CIPROFLOXACIN AN...
» ABSTRACT The concomitant effect of Hippocratea africana root bark extract, Jatropha tanjorensis Ciprofloxacin and Coartem on markers (Urea and Creatin...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 57 pages |
Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
-
6. EFFECT OF FRYING AND BOILING ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF OIL
» CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) is a leguminous plant grown in Nigeria mainly for its seeds though farmers use its leaves an...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 24 pages |
Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
-
7. COMPARATIVE QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF ETHANOL EXTRACT OF Gongronema latifolium AND Allium sativum
» TABLE OF CONTENTS Cover page Title page Certification i Dedication ii Acknowledgement iii Abstract iv Table of content V List of tables vi CHAPTER ONE...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 44 pages |
Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
-
8. BIOCHEMISTRY OF GOUT
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction Gout was described by Hippocrates as “the disease of kings” due to its association with rich diet. (Fala...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 31 pages |
Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
-
9. PROXIMATE AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF FISH FLOUR OBTAINED FROM THREE FISH SPECIES
» ABSTRACT Work on production proximate and physicochemical analyses of fish flour produced from Tilapia, cat and stock fishes was investigated. The fis...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages |
Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
-
10. THE EVALUATION OF MICROORGANISMS ON GARRI AT OGBETE MARKET
» ABSTRACT The research focus on compensation policy as means of attracting and retaining employee, it present a conceptual and theoretical study of the...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages |
Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT