CHAPTER ONE

1.0     INTRODUCTION

After two (2) decades of focused efforts to eradicate polio. The impact of eradication activities on health system continues to be controversial. This study evaluates the impact of eradication activities on Routine Immunization (RI) and Primary Health Care (PHC). (Closser et al., 2014).

1.1     BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Quantitative analysis assessed the effect of polio eradication campaign on (RI) and material health care coverage a systematic quantitative analysis in seven (7) countries in south Asia and Sub-Sahar African assessed impact of polio Eradication activities on key health. (Closser et al., 2014).

The goal of polio eradication has mobilized an extensive effort involving most of the world countries over last twenty (20) years, mass polio vaccination campaign have delivered around 20 billion doses of polio vaccine to children across the globe and have succeeded in interrupting transmission in all but three (3) countries. Polio eradication gained international support in the late 1980 in part because of the argument that eradicate activities could mobilize support and resources for Routine Immunization (RI) and Primary Health Care (PHC) (Closser et al., 2014.

The effect of polio eradication campaign and their attendant planning, monitoring and surveillance activities on health system have proved positive or negative has been debated ever. Small scale study in the (1980) found a positive effect of polio eradication activities on (RI) and (PHC) have provided equivocal or mixed result. A large scale study in 1980 found a positive effect of polio eradication activities on health system in Americas, but health infrastructure in most of these countries was already strong relative to that in developing countries. (Closser et al., 2014).

1.2     STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Complication of polio immunization caused flaccid paralysis. Many children is duplication from polio disease that cripple children on age that they cannot half themselves and when they grew up the tend to be come burden to the community because the produce effect early (Vakil et al., 2015).

The diseases continue to prevent no measured has been talking spite of these. The researcher identify some reasons ignorance of the community about the disease poverty [socio economic factor, religion and believed of the community members and lack of receiving routine polio immunization].

1.3     AIMS OF OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

          The aims and objective of this research include the following.

-        To known how poliomyelitis affects children and solves the problem.

-        To identify and give health education to the community on the important of immunization.

-        To reduce mortality and morbidity as a result of poliomyelitis disease.

-        Prevent children from becoming handicapped.

-        To create a rapport between the health worker and the community members.

1.4     SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The research concentrates on the content of the subject matter. This research is on the evaluation of the impact of polio is on the evaluation of the impact of polio immunization among children under five (5) years in Pali Town of Alkaleri Local Government Area of Bauchi State were the act of reducing mortality and morbidity as a result of lack of immunization which lead to some certain disease like poliomyelitis.

1.5     RESEARCH QUESTION

-        What are the solutions to the Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) non-compliance?

-        How do you identify the ways of educating the community on the important of Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV).

-        What are the major measures to taken to prevent children from becoming hand capped.

-        How do you know that parent rejecting their children to reviewed polio immunization?

-        What are the strategically that you apply to convince parent to allow Thai children to received polio immunization.

1.6     HYPOTHESIS

When Thai is outbreak of poliomyelitis in a state of particular community there are some ways to follow in order to reduce or stop the outbreak of poliomyelitis.

Creating awareness to the people of the important of polio immunization. House to house immunization and outreach service for those people that are far from the health facilities, environmental sanitation and personal hygiene also help to reduce the complication of poliomyelitis fund should be provided by the government so that they when should be done properly and finally advocacy play a role more especially in the rural areas.

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