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ABSTRACT
The present study was conducted to isolate, identify and analyse the distribution of
Enterococci,carry out antibiotic susceptibility test and molecularly detect the presence
of some virulent and antibiotic resistantgenes in the Enterococci isolated from water
samples in Zaria, Kaduna state. A total of two hundred and forty water samples were
collected from different sources including wells, boreholes, tap and vended water
(mairuwa). A total of34Enterococciwere isolated, characterized and identified. The
prevalence ofEnterococcus avium and Enterococcus gallinarum in water were 58% and
24% respectively while Enterococcus mundtii and Enterococcus cecorum had 12% and
6%each. The mean frequency distribution was calculated using the one way ANOVA
and based on this, the highest source of contamination was from wells, while vended
water (mairuwa) had the least. Zaria city had the highest Enterococci isolates (44%)
followed by Samaru (35%) and then Sabon gari (21%). Isolates had resistanceto the
following antibiotics, Ampicillin 79% (10µg), Vancomycin 62%(30µg), Erythromycin
53%, (15µg), Chloramphenicol 12%, (10µg), Ciprofloxacin 12% (30µg), Tetracycline
12%, (12µg) and Gentamicin 3% (10µg). The result of the molecularscreening for van
A,van B and cyl A genes showed the absence of all the genes in the isolates.The result
of the present study indicatesthat the contamination of water with Enterococci could
predispose to various health issues and pose serious therapeutic challenges due to the
presence of resistance to antibiotics.The provision of proper water management
systems and treated safe water supply to the communities cannot be overemphasized.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Bacteria of the genus Enterococcusor enterococci (formerly the „faecal‟ or
Lance field group D streptococci) are ubiquitous microorganisms, but have a
predominant habitat of the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. Enterococcus
is a genus of lactic acid bacteria of the Phylum Firmicutes. Enterococci are Gram-
positive cocci that often occur in pairs (diplococci) or short chains, and are difficult to
distinguish from streptococci on phy
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SIMILAR MICROBIOLOGY FINAL YEAR PROJECT RESEARCH TOPICS
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1. ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF CHLORINE AND ALCOHOL DISINFECTANTS
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2. PREVALENCE AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF GRAM NEGATIVE BACTERIA IN THE URINE OF CARITAS UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Gram negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain their crystal violet dye in the gram staining protocol. They are diffe...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 76 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
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3. PHYTOREMEDIATION OF HEAVY METALS CONTAMINATED SOIL
» CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Phytoremediation Phytoremediation is defined as the combined use of plants, soil amendments and agronomic practices t...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 29 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
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4. DETERMINATION OF DEGRADING ABILITY OF FUNGI ISOLATED FROM HYDROCARBON POLLUTED SOIL ON CRUDE OIL USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY
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5. ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MICROORGANISM IN STREAM WATER [ATOLAGBE] IREE TOWN
» ABSTRACT The stream water was examined for microorganism present in it. The isolated and identified bacteria are Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus au...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
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6. ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF Carica papaya SEED AGAINST ENTERIC ORGANISMS
» ABSTRACT Lots of research has been conducted on Carica papaya and its antibacterial efficacy on bacterial pathogens and this led to this study on anti...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 37 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
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7. EFFECT OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAF EXTRACT ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF PEPPER
» ABSTRACT This study was carried out during the two summer seasons of 2014 and 2015 on pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cv. California Wonder. The goals of ...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 31 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
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8. INVITRO DETERMINATION OF BACTERIOCIDAL EFFECT OF GARLIC ON STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
» ABSTRACTInvitro determination of bacteriocidal effect of garlic extract on staphylococcus aureus causing skin and urinary tract infection (UTI) on som...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
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9. DETECTION AND PCR CHARACTERIZATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ENTEROTOXIN GENESFROM MASTITIC COW MILK AMONG SOME DAIRY HERDS IN ZARIA, KADUNA STATE
» ABSTRACT The study is aimed to detect and PCR characterize S. aureus enterotoxin gene from mastitic cow milk within Zaria metropolis. Four hundred and...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
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10. BACTERIOLOGICAL AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC DRINKING WATER SOURCES IN SOKOTO METROPOLIS
» ABSTRACT Bacteriological and physicochemical properties of drinking water (tap, well and borehole) in Sokoto metropolis were investigated to determine...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 61 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | MICROBIOLOGY DEPARTMENT