CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Presently the world is experiencing tremendous changes owing to advances in Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The world has become a global village as Information and Communication Technology (ICT) interconnect communities across different parts of the globe. Schools as social institutions are bound to operate. The curriculum of the schools which is the vehicle through which the schools hope to accomplish their goal will be susceptible to such change associated with advance in Information and Communication Technology (ICT).

According to Edofiogho (2007) Information Technology (IT) is a term used to describe the items of equipment (Hardware) and Computer Programmes (software) that allow us to access, retrieve, store, organize, manipulate and present information by electronic means, personal computer, scanners and digital cameras fit into the hardware category, database programmes and multimedia programmes fit into the software category.

The goal of teaching at this period of information explosion and globalization Chukwu, Agere and Afolabi (2003) investigated the level of computer literacy among teachers in Colleges of Education from their study the result showed that none of the graduating students received any Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI). This simply means that graduate of these colleges cannot use Information and Communication Technology (ICT) resources are made available in the schools. This is because no teacher can give what he/she does not possess.

Enhance the professional development of teachers, Loural (2000) argued for the incorporation of Computer Education into teacher education programmes. He predicted his argument on the fact that teachers play a major pivotal role in ensuring that classroom settings promote meaningful learning through technology. It will also enable them to refine the approaches used in their instructional through strategy.

There is also need to know when to use an appropriate Information and Communication Technology (ICT) package for a particular lesson. To this effect, teachers should develop such special ability to be able to manage the lessons effectively when using computer for class instruction. The teacher more or less acts as a facilitator in the instructional process.  

In 1988, Nigeria Government enacted a policy on computer Education to keep up with the modern trends in teaching and learning. Inspite of this, Okebukola (1997) reported that computer is still not part of classroom teaching in over 90% of public schools in Nigeria. Infact many graduate students who will be future teachers did not receive any computer assisted instruction nor can boast of how to use computer to deliver instruction. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is an aid to teaching and learning that if applied in secondary schools can enhance educational efficiency serve administrative functions, for individualized learning and to change current pedagogical practices in Secondary schools in Nigeria. Based on the above context this study is designed to Assess Utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) facilities in teaching in secondary school in Kaduna North Educational Zone of Kaduna State.

Statement of the Problem

Many parents will admire their children’s ability if they can work with  Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and become amazed that the Technology that baffles them comes so naturally to their springs. Unfortunately Information and Communication Technology today are not in use in most of our secondary school where children could learn its utilization.

The few Government Secondary Schools (Dialogue) that were supplied are not effectively utilized it is because many teachers or personnel who will maintain the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) are not utilizing.

Based on the above context, the study is designed to assess the utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) facilities in teaching in secondary schools in Kaduna North Educational Zone of Kaduna State

Purpose of the Study

This study intends to find out the impact of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education among the Government Senior Secondary Schools Students in Kaduna North Educational Zone of Kaduna State Specifically. The purpose of this study is to:

1.                 Find the level of Literacy of teachers in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Government Senior Secondary Schools in Kaduna North Educational Zone of Kaduna State.

2.                 Find out recent Information and Communication Technology (ICT) being utilized in Government Senior Secondary Schools in Kaduna North Educational Zone of Kaduna State.

3.                 Suggest various means of making ICT utilization effective?

4.                 Find the level of usage of hardware and software programmes among Secondary School teachers in Kaduna North Educational Zone of Kaduna State.

Significance of the Study  

When means of proper utilization of recent Information and Communication Technology (ICT) trends are found out, the Federal Ministry of Education Proprietors of Private schools principals and teachers may adopt and integrate recent trends in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to develop new policies on computer education. This study will also help teachers in secondary schools to improve their teaching methods using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to encourage individualized learning practices in students’ educationist at all levels principals, teacher and students will have a better understanding of what is happening in the world today. They will be able to form a new curriculum for Computer Education, guide students to learn from educational software give teachers up-to-date information on recent teaching practices and gives students opportunity to learn more through like internet.

The study will therefore be a guide to curriculum developers to develop a new curriculum in computer education. Teachers will also benefit in getting new and better ways of improving their method and techniques of teaching.

Students will not only learn how to use the computer but effectively use it through the internet to learn outside the class and beyond the given syllabus. Ultimately, this study will improve the teaching and learning process in secondary schools in Kaduna North Educational Zone of Kaduna State.

Research Questions

1.     What is the level of Literacy level of Government Senior Secondary Schools teachers in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Kaduna North Educational Zone of Kaduna State?

2.     What are the recent Information and Communication Technology (ICT) being utilized in Government Senior Secondary Schools in Kaduna North Educational Zone of Kaduna State?

3.     What are the various means of making ICT utilization effective?

4.     What are the level of usage of hardware and software programmes among Secondary School teachers in Kaduna North Educational Zone of Kaduna State.

Delimitation of the Study

This study seeks to assess the utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) facilities for teaching and learning of secondary school in Kaduna North Educational Zone of Kaduna State. The study explains the recent Information and Communication Technology (ICT) trends and how these facilities could be used to improved teaching and learning in Secondary schools in Kaduna North Educational Zone of Kaduna State.

Therefore the areas looked into were availability Information and Communication Technology (ICT) facilities in secondary schools in Kaduna North Educational Zone of Kaduna State utilization of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) facilities in teaching and learning process in secondary schools staff and students literacy level in operating Information and Communication Technology (ICT) facilities only.

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