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CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
AIDS is the acronym for Acquired Immune Deficiency syndrome, which is a disorder cause by the Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV). It was discovered by a French Researcher; Professor Luc Montagnier in 1981. The first cases were reported in America in 1981 in five homosexuals who were undergoing treatment for a rare disease of the lungs called pneumocystic Carinii pneumonia. The modes of infection are through sexual intercourse (most common), transfusion of infected blood and blood products, use of infected unsterilised piercing objects and from infected mother to foetus. AIDS has aroused much interest probably because of its sexual connections and more so because of its association with homosexuals in America and Europe. Since its discovery it has become a global problem and the United Nations (UN) and the International Community is worried over it. Describing AIDS, Dr. Ward Cater of the United States (US) Centre for Disease Control (CDC) said that this disease has a potential “….. much worse than anything mankind has seen before”.1
Africa is widely considered the epicenter of the AIDS epidemic and the impact of the disease there has been devastating. More than 25 million people in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are infected with HIV out of the total 34.3 million people infected worldwide, giving SSA approximately three-quarters of the world’s HIV/AIDS case. The disease is literally reshaping the demographics of Africa. According to the UN, approximately 10% of children in SSA are parentless as a result of AIDS. The disease has claimed more human lives than plague or nuclear weapons took in their history.2 Since 1986 when the first case of HIV/AIDS was reported in Nigeria, this deadly scourge has spread rapidly to reach pandemic proportions. In Nigeria, the first official report of the HIV/AIDS, the prevalence of infection has shown a steady increase in all
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groups that have been monitored. Today, it is estimated that about 5 million Nigerians are infected with the virus.3 The disease has resulted in gradual reduction in life expectancy, decimation of skilled and productive work force and high medical bill. The new International labour Organization
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SIMILAR PUBLIC HEALTH FINAL YEAR PROJECT RESEARCH TOPICS
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1. INCIDENCE OF HUMAN IMMUNE DEFIENCY VIRUS IN 44 REFERENCE ARMY HOSTPITAL KADUNA SOUTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE
» ABSTRACT This study was designed and determined the incidence of Human Immune Deficiency Virus in 44 reference army hospital Kaduna State local govern...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 48 pages |
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2. PREVALENCE AND MANAGEMENT OF MALARIA IN CHILDREN; A CASE STUDY OF JOS UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL
» ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Malaria is the most prevalent tropical disease in the world today. Each year, it causes disease in approximately 650 million peop...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 64 pages |
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3. DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF SENNA TORA LEAVES EXTRACT ON THE BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS OF THE DIABETIC ALBINO RATS.
» CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus is a disease in which blood vessels of glucose (sugar) are high because the body does not produce or pr...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages |
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4. THE PRESENCE OF HEPATITIS B ENVELOPE ANTIBODY IN PATIENTS WHO HAVE BEEN PREVIOUSLY SCREENED FOR THE SURFACE ANTIGEN.
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION A virus is a small infectious agent having a simple acellular organization with a nucleic acid and aprotein coat.It lacks ind...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages |
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5. AN ANALYSE OF INFANT MORTALITY RATE IN ABIA STATE (A CASE STUDY OF FEDERAL MEDICAL CENTRE UMUAHIA FROM 1995 TO 2004)
» CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION Since Nigeria got her independence in the year 1960, the federal government has been doing a lot in the following sectors...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages |
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6. THE EFFECT OF COMMUNICATION ON THE ATTITUDES OF MOTHERS TOWARDS CHILDHOOD KILLER DISEASES AND NATIONAL PROGRAMME ON IMMUNIZATION
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Many family lost their children to any one of these childhood killer diseases in the past, this dashi...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 58 pages |
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7. THE KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE OF STANDARD PRECAUTIONS AMONG HEALTH CARE WORKERS IN PUBLIC SECONDARY HEALTH FACILITIES IN ABUJA, NIGERIA
» ABSTRACT Standard precautions are a set of guidelines that aim to protect health care workers from infections from blood, body fluids, secretions, exc...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages |
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8. DETERMINANTS OF ADHERENCE TO STANDARD PRECAUTIONS FOR THE PREVENTION OF BLOODBORNE INFECTIONS AMONG MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENTISTS IN LAGOS STATE, NIGE...
» ABSTRACT Standard precautions are guidelines recommended by the Centre for Disease Control for reducing the risk of transmission of blood borne pathog...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 65 pages |
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9. FACTORS THAT ARE ASSOCIATED WITH OUTCOMES OF TREATMENT AMONG PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN PLATEAU STATE, NIGERIA.
» SUMMARY Tuberculosis (TB) is a global public health problem in Nigeria, only 22 countries account for 80% of the TB burden in the world and Nigeria wi...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 96 pages |
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10. KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF HIV/AIDS PREVENTIVE MEASURES AMONG STUDENTS OF FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION TECHNICAL, GUSAU
» ABSTRACT HIV/AIDS being a pandemic with serious consequences affecting adolescents and youths because of risky sexual behavior particularly to females...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 112 pages |
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