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CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
AIDS is the acronym for Acquired Immune Deficiency syndrome, which is a disorder cause by the Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV). It was discovered by a French Researcher; Professor Luc Montagnier in 1981. The first cases were reported in America in 1981 in five homosexuals who were undergoing treatment for a rare disease of the lungs called pneumocystic Carinii pneumonia. The modes of infection are through sexual intercourse (most common), transfusion of infected blood and blood products, use of infected unsterilised piercing objects and from infected mother to foetus. AIDS has aroused much interest probably because of its sexual connections and more so because of its association with homosexuals in America and Europe. Since its discovery it has become a global problem and the United Nations (UN) and the International Community is worried over it. Describing AIDS, Dr. Ward Cater of the United States (US) Centre for Disease Control (CDC) said that this disease has a potential “….. much worse than anything mankind has seen before”.1
Africa is widely considered the epicenter of the AIDS epidemic and the impact of the disease there has been devastating. More than 25 million people in the Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are infected with HIV out of the total 34.3 million people infected worldwide, giving SSA approximately three-quarters of the world’s HIV/AIDS case. The disease is literally reshaping the demographics of Africa. According to the UN, approximately 10% of children in SSA are parentless as a result of AIDS. The disease has claimed more human lives than plague or nuclear weapons took in their history.2 Since 1986 when the first case of HIV/AIDS was reported in Nigeria, this deadly scourge has spread rapidly to reach pandemic proportions. In Nigeria, the first official report of the HIV/AIDS, the prevalence of infection has shown a steady increase in all
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groups that have been monitored. Today, it is estimated that about 5 million Nigerians are infected with the virus.3 The disease has resulted in gradual reduction in life expectancy, decimation of skilled and productive work force and high medical bill. The new International labour Organization
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SIMILAR PUBLIC HEALTH FINAL YEAR PROJECT RESEARCH TOPICS
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1. THE PATTERN AND DETERMINANTS OF PRE-HYPERTENSION AMONG ADULTS ATTENDING GENERAL OUTPATIENT CLINIC OF SPECIALIST HOSPITAL BAUCHI
» SUMMARY Like hypertension, adults with prehypertension are known to have higher prevalence of other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, with ab...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 81 pages |
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2. THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY HEALTH ADMINISTRATION AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN BAYELSA STATE. (A CASE STUDY OF SAGBAMA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA
» ABSTRACT This project work on the importance of community health administration and rural development was carried out to find out the importance commu...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 70 pages |
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3. SPUTUM SMEAR CONVERSION IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS: AN INTENSIVE PHASE MONITORING OF SPUTUM SMEAR POSITIVE PATIENTS IN ZARIA, NIGERIA
» SUMMARY Tuberculosis (TB) is a high burden global problem. Nigeria ranks fifth among the 22 high burden TB countries globally and first in Africa. Dir...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 72 pages |
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4. SPATIO TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF THE PREVALENCE OF WATERBORNE DISEASES IN KWARA STATE, NIGERIA
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY. Waterborne diseases are a major health issue, because of the burden they place on man. Waterborne d...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages |
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5. HEALTH SYSTEM FACTORS INFLUENCING CLIENT SATISFACTION WITH ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY SERVICES IN PRIVATE HEALTH FACILITIES IN ABUJA, FCT
» ABSTRACT The central theme of this study is healthcare financing with focus on the Social Health Insurance system (National Health Insurance Scheme NH...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 119 pages |
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6. RISK FACTORS FOR BREAST CANCER IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN ABUJA
» ABSTRACT Breast cancer is the commonest site specific, malignancy affecting women and the most common cause of cancer mortality in women world wide. O...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 74 pages |
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7. ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF PREVENTION OF MOTHER TO CHILD TRANSMISSION OF HIV (PMTCT) PROGRAMME ON MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH AT NNAMDI AZIKIWE UN...
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a disease condition caused by infection of the human body by a retrovirus calle...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 134 pages |
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8. PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOFT SOAP FROM LOCAL POTASH (NGU) OR CAUSTIC POTASH LABORATORY OR COMMERCIAL GRADE LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
» CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION The metal salts of the high molecular weight organics acids that occurs in fats as esters are called “soap” s...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages |
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9. EXAMINING THE DISTRIBUTION AND UTILIZATION OF MEDICAL FACILITIES, A CASE STUDY OF KARASUWA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, YOBE STATE.
» .0 INTRODUCTION: Health service research is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infir...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages |
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10. EVALUATION OF SERUM TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT STATUS IN TYPE II DIABETIC NIGERIANS
» ABSTRACT Patients with type II diabetes mellitus are more prone to diabetic complications and oxygen free radicals are known to contribute to the deve...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 123 pages |
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