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ABSTRACT
The antioxidant potential of many flavonoid containing plants is increasingly being
exploited in therapy. Hibiscus sabdariffa (HS) is one of the most widely used nutraceuticals
used traditionally to combat various illnesses due to its high flavonoid contents. The present
study was aimed at evaluating the ameliorative effect of co-administration of HS and
vitamin E on sub-chronic carbamazepine (CBZ)-induced alterations in semen
characteristics. Thirty young male Wistar rats were divided at random into five groups
containing 6 rats per groups. Group I and II were administered normal saline and
carbamazepine (20 mg /kg), respectively, while group III was treated with CBZ and aqueous
extract of Hibiscus Sabdariffa (200 mg/kg); group IV was treated with CBZ and vitamin E
(VE) 30 minutes after treatment with CBZ. The regimens were administered orally by
gavage once daily for a period of 8 weeks. At the end of the treatment, four animals from
each group were randomly selected and sacrificed by jugular fenestration. The result
obtained showed that CBZ caused a pronounced reduction in sperm concentration, motility,
testicular histological damage, sperm morphological abnormalities, and increased the
testicular MDA concentration. In control group, sperm count was 61.50 ± 1.44 x106/ml, and
49.75 ± 3.19 x106/ml, 71.25 ± 7.08 x106/ml, 63.00 ± 2.67 x106/ml and 89.00 ± 9.85 x106/ml
for CBZ, CBZ + HS, CBZ + VE and CBZ + HS + VE groups respectively. Sperm
progressive motility was 61.25 ± 3.14%, 42.50 ± 4.78%, 66.25 ± 6.88%, 67.50 ± 6.29% and
82.50 ± 4.78% for the control, CBZ, CBZ + HS, CBZ + VE and CBZ + HS + VE groups
respectively, sperm non-progressive motility was 26.25 ± 2.39%, 30.00 ± 4.56%, 20.00 ±
3.53%, 17.50 ± 2.50%, and 7.50 ± 1.44% for the control, CBZ, CBZ + HS, CBZ + VE and
CBZ + HS + VE groups respectively, while, non-motile sperm cells was 22.50 ± 4.78%,
27.50 ± 1.44%, 13.75 ± 3.75%, 15.00 ± 5.00%, and 10.00 ± 3.53% for the control, CBZ,
7
CBZ + HS, CBZ + VE and CBZ + HS + VE groups respectively. Serum testosterone
concentration in control group was 6.15 ± 0.22 µg/ml, and 5.05 ± 0.06 µg/ml, 4.25 ± 0.34
µg/ml, 4.70 ± 0.16 µg/ml, and 5.97 ± 0.31 µg/ml for CBZ, CBZ + HS, CBZ + VE and CBZ
+ HS + VE groups respectively. The testicular MDA concentration was 0.05 ± 0.01
nmoL/mg, 0.17 ± 0.012 nmoL/mg, 0.04 ± 0.02 nmoL/mg, 0.06 ± 0.
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