CHAPTER ONE

1.0       GENERAL INTRODUCTION

1.1       HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

It has always been presupposed that United Nations Educational Scientific and

Cultural Organization (UNESCO) have a lot of activities going on not only in Nigeria,

but the countries of the world in general. Their role can only be understood by examining

their activities in the educational scientific and cultural disposition particularly as it

affects human rights.

UNESCO is an Agency of United Nations (U.N) created by the provisions of

Articles 53 and 63 of the United Nations Charter1. It is created not only as an instrument

for reconstruction but also as instrument for building peace through understanding,

exchange of useful knowledge to economically less developed countries and for national

cultural relations program. Countless efforts at international cooperation in the fields of

education, science and culture were made in London in 1945. Thus, the general theme

that runs through the activities of UNESCO in Nigeria and other countries is the diffusion

of culture and education of humanity for justice, liberty and peace as indispensable to the

dignity of man constitute a sacred duty to maintain and protect these principles by all

nations based on the spirit of mutual assistance and concern.

Basically, UNESCO was founded due to the experiences of the Second World