ABSTRACT

Undoubtedly, translation is an old practice which was used in ancient

civilisations of mankind. It played a key role in bridging cultures and civilizations

throughout the history. However, it is not considered as an autonomous science through

the centuries. It had been in that ‘‘state of lethargy’’ for a long time until some

contemporary linguists and the translators have begun to treat it more scientifically as

specialized field of science. Most of those interested scholars have tried to find solutions

for linguistic and extralinguistic problems of translation based on various theories.