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ABSTRACT
Urban expansion constitutes one of the key agents of land use change with the impact felt at local, regional and global levels, such impact include spatial growth on agricultural land. This study assesses urban encroachment on agricultural land in Offa Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information techniques. Three imageries of LandSat TM 1990, LandSat ETM 1999 and Nigeria Sat X 2014 used processed, classified using supervised classification, and analyzed in Erdas Imagine 9.2 and ArcGIS 10.1 environment to assess the total spatial loss of agricultural land to urban expansion. Built – up and Agricultural land were extracted from the imageries and the spatial growth and loss within the study period was established. The findings revealed that the study area witnessed a significant reduction and increase in agricultural land and built – up respectively. Agricultural land occupying the highest coverage of 148.63 km² (65.36%) in 1990 decreased to 107.18 km² (47.14%) in 2014. The total spatial loss was 41.45 km² (27.89%) at an annual rate of 1.73 km² within the same period. While the built-up area expanded from 17.5km² in 1990 to 65.09 km² in 2014, total spatial change of 47.52 km² (270.40%) was experienced with at annual rate of 1.98 km² (11.27%) within the study period (1990 – 2014). The comparison of these results shows that 43.50 km² (19.13%) of agricultural land in the study area was lost to urban expansion within the study period at an annual conversion rate of 1.81 km². From the foregoing, it is recommended that urban spreading to agriculture land should be controlled as this will have serious repercussions on food security, although urban expansion cannot be stopped, but with proper management and planning it can be directed in a desirable and sustainable way.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY
The world is rapidly urbanizing, and it has witnessed a tremendous shift of its population from being predominantly rural to predominantly urban in the last two decades (De Sherbinin, 2007). The world’s population is estimated to be 7.01 billion and by the year 2030, more than 60% of this population will be living in urban areas especially in developing countries, consuming close to three-quarters of the world‟s natural resources, and generating three quarters of its pollution and wastes (Peters, 2000; Redman and Jones, 2005). This growth will require unprecedented investment in new infrastructure and create serious challenges for political and social institutions.
Rapid expansion of urban centers in the world at large and specifically in developing countries has continued to pose great challenges such that evokes interests from ecologists, planners, civil engineers, sociologists, administrators and policy makers on how much expansion is taking place, the effects on agricultural land and possible solution. It serves as a strong agent of land use/land cover change, hence loss of agricultural land (Olawole, Msimanga, Adegboyega, and Adeshina, 2011), and equally contributes to development; a requirement for and a result of economic, cultural and social development, as well as engines of economic growth and poverty alleviation (World Bank, 2009).
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SIMILAR GEOGRAPHY FINAL YEAR PROJECT RESEARCH TOPICS
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1. WOMEN INFORMAL ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES AND HOUSEHOLD INCOME IN KADUNA NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
» ABSTRACT This research aim to study the participation of women in the informal economic activities and the extent of their contribution to household b...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 76 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT
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2. SUSTAINING AND MANAGING GROWTH IN INTERNET SERVICES IN AN EMERGING ECONOMY
» CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE RESEARCH The adaptation of technology has remained a significant factor in human progress as a result of ...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT
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3. GROWTH RESPONS OF OKRA TO WATER DEFICIT
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Origin and Distribution of Okra Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus(L.)Moench)originated in Ethopia in the year 120 BC. It is a ...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT
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4. DISTRIBUTION AND UTILIZATION OF FOREST RESOURCES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN MBO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, AKWA IBOM STATE.
» ABSTRACT This research project examined the distribution and utilization of forest resources and its implication on traditional medicine. Specific emp...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT
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5. IMPACT OF POPULATION GROWTH ON UNEMPLOYMENT IN NIGERIA
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study Nigeria is the most populous nation in Africa and the 8th in the world with an estimated figure o...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT
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6. EFFECT OF URBANIZATION ON “LAND USE AND LAND PRICING”
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Introduction Urbanization is the process by which large numbers of people become permanently conc...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT
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7. ASSESSMENT OF TREE SPECIES DENSITY AND DIVERSITY ON SMALLHOLDER FARMS IN PARTS OF KANO STATE
» ABSTRACT This study attempts an assessment of tree species density and diversity on smallholder farms in Wudil, Bichi, Ungogo and Gaya areas of Kano S...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 92 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT
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8. Planning Implications of Housing Development in Jos Jarawa District, Jos North, Plateau State, Nigeria
» ABSTRACTThis study aims at examining the housing development in Jos Jarawa. 150 households were surveyed across the District employing simple random s...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 57 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT
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9. AN ASSESSMENT OF TREE DENSITY AND DIVERSITY ON SMALL HOLDER FARMED PARKLAND AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS IN DAURA
» CHAPTER 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY The importance of trees to smallholder farmers is well known, and includes the provision of div...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 141 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT
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10. JUST STATE IN PLATO (A CRITICAL EXPOSITION)
» GENERAL INTRODUCTION Plato, a native of Athens and the son of Ariston and Perictione was born in 427B.C. His original name was Aristocle while Plato w...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT