ABSTRACT

The study was conducted to investigate the appraisal and the management, haemophilia among nurses in Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial hospital, Kaduna State.

The objectives of the study are to ascertain the level of awareness of nurses in the new trend of haemophilia management and identify the strategies for effective management of haemophilia in the study area.

The literature review will focused more on knowledge of nurses in the new trend of haemophilia management, stratified random sampling technique method will be use. A structure questionnaire will be use as an instrument for data collection. A sample size of 150 questionnaires will be distributed to the respondents out of which those that will be retained only be used for data collection.

The word haemophili has been described to mean haemo – blood, and philia – ‘love’ was derived from the derived from the term haemophilia was used in the description of the condition written by Fedrich Hopff (1828) while he was a student at the university of Zurich in 1937. To date, there is no cure for haemophilia, and the current therapies are aimed at controlling acute bleeding with exogenous clotting factor infusion, accompanied by patient life style modifications.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1     Background of the Study

Hemophilia is an inherited bleeding disorder in which a person lacks or has low levels of certain proteins called “clotting factors” and the blood doesn’t clot properly as a result. This leads to excessive bleeding. There are 13 types of clotting factors, and these work with platelets to help the blood clot. Platelets are small blood cells that form in your bone marrow. According to the World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH), about one in 10,000 people are born with this disorder.

People with hemophilia bleed easily, and the blood takes a longer time to clot. People with hemophilia can experience spontaneous or internal bleeding and often have painful, swollen joints due to bleeding into the joints. This rare but serious condition can have life-threatening complications.

In the world history of haemophilia, the Jews were the first to recognized it. The word haemophilia has been described to mean haemo “blood” and philia “love”. Patric and Taylor (two doctors from Harvard discovered anti-haemophilic globulin in 1947. The first  medical professional to describe the disease was Abulcasis in the tenth century. The Jew, enacted a law that if a woman who has two sons that died from circumcision, her third son would not be required to be circumcised. This is in accordance to the enacted law by the Jews. This show that they recognized that women carried by haemophilia gene and pass it down to their sons. The haemophlia blood disorder become known as a “Royal disease” because Queen Victoria of England was carrier and passed it to her son Leopold.

Haemophilia is an x-linked inherited medical bleeding disorder whose genes are born on the maternal sex chromosome this disorder is caused by a deficiency of coagulation factor Vill (Haemophilia A, or factor (Haemophilia B) Being an x linked recessive disorder, haemophilia affects males of all races and social classes exclusive 1 to  10,000. Although, there are females in very rare cases.

According to World Health Organization (2014), it is estimated that about 400,000 people in the word have haemophilia A which is more common than haemophilia B and (In Nigeria, very little information about this disorder is available in most medical textbooks used on basic training for nurses, thus many nurses have very little experience in the treatment of this disorders. Eighty percent of people with haemophilia receive no treatment, may due in childhood and the rest are crippled Essien (2001).

1.2     Statement of the Study

In Nigeria, there is poor information in regards to the disorder, aetiology, signs and symptoms, as well as scientific management. This tend to affect both health care consumers and health care gives such as nurses inspite of the fact that not many text books containing information about the new trend of management for haemophilia.

The greater part of lapses might be attributed to the kind or quarterly of interest nurses have in this disorder.

According to Shokumbi (2011) more than 80% of people with haemophilia receives no treatment. Haemophilia foundation of Nigeria, a non governmental organization was set up with the vision and mission in educating, enlightening, and informing the public.

Certain questions that deserve to be answered are  as follows.

·        How many of the population of health care providers (nurses) are knowledgeable about the mophilia?

·        What kind of attitude do they exhibit towards clients with haemophilia?

·        To what extend do they participate in haemophilia programmes.

·        How knowledgeable are they aware of the effective strategies for managing haemophilia?

Answers to these questions are not readily available particular for nurses in Kaduna health zones. Finding answers to these questions constitue the reason for this study. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to conduct a research on the appraisal of haemophilic management among nurses towards their client/patients in Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial Hospital, Kaduna South.

1.3     Purpose of the Study

The purpose of the study is to appraise the management of haemophilia among nurses in YDMH. Specific goals are as follows:

1.     To ascertain the level of nurses awareness about the new trend of haemophilia.

2.     To determine the level of nurses participant in haemophilia programmes such as workshops, conferences and training.

3.     To ascertain the attitude of nurses toward haemophilia management.

4.     Identify strategies for effective management of haemophilia.

1.4     Research Questions

The following research questions are formulated to guide the studies

1.     What is the level of nurses knowledge on the new trend of haemophilia management.

2.     What is the attitude of nurses toward haemophilia?

3.     What is the level of nurses participation in haemophylic programmes such as workshops, conferences and training?

4.     What are the strategies for effective management of haemophilia?

1.5     Significant of Study

To the health care provider especially nurses:

It will create more awareness and knowledge on the modern and effective strategies for the management of haemophilia in the health care setting.

It will help them to develop a positive mind set or altitude in hameophilia program such as workshop, conferences etc.

To the body of knowledge: This finding will help health professional to know about what haemophilia is all about and to make them be conversant about the  disorder and prevention.

To the society: It will enable the community/society at large to report promptly and give report of any signs and symptoms felt.

SCOPE OF STUDY

The scope of study will cover the identifying the level of nurses knowledge in the new trend of haemophilia, ascertain the attitude of nurses toward haemophilia, determine the level of nurses participation in programs and identify strategies for effective management of haemophilia.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

·        Appraisal: Is an act of estimating or judging

·        Management: The act of handling

·        Haemophilia: Is a group of hereditary genetic disorder that impair the body’s ability to control cloting.

·        Haemophilia A: A condition resulting from factor vill deficiency. Also known as classical haemophilia.

·        Haemophilia B: A condition resulting from factor IX deficiency also known as the Christmas disease.

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