THE ROLE OF YOUTH’S IN POLITICAL THUGGERY IN KADUNA NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT.

THE ROLE OF YOUTH’S IN POLITICAL THUGGERY IN KADUNA NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT.

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ABSTRACT

This project has studied the role of youths in political thuggery in Kaduna north local government. To this end, the work identified how the youths play a major role in the thuggery, the impact of political thuggery on the individual and the society as a whole. Thereby, exploring various measures to eradicate political thuggery. In doing this, the researcher reviewed John Dollard’s Frustration Aggression Theory as well as a best of literal works centered on the subject matter. The outcome of the research reveals the dangers and effects of political thuggery and the solutions to political thuggery for a better and peaceful co- existence in Kaduna North local Government.

                                  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page - - - - - - - - - -  --  -  -- -  - -  - - - - --

Approval page- - - - - - -  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Declaration page - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -

Dedication - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Acknowledgement - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Abstract - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -  - - - - -- -  - - --

CHAPTER ONE:

1.1  Introduction - - - - - - - - - -  - - -  --  --  - -  - - -

1.2  Statement of the Research problem - - - - - -- - - - - -- - - -

1.3  Objectives of the study - - - - -- - -  - - - - --  - - -- - - - - - - -

1.4  Significance of the study - - - - - - - - -- - -  -- - - - - - - - - - -

1.5  Scope of the study  - - - -- -- - -  - - -- - - - - -  - - --  -- - - - - -

1.6  Definition of terms - - - - - - -  - -- - -- -  - -  - - -  - - - -- - -  - -

CHAPTER TWO:

2.1 Introduction - - - - - - - - --   -  -  -  -

2.2 Concept of political Thuggery - - - - - - -  - - - - - -- - -  - -

2.3 Nature of political Thuggery - - - - - - -  - - - - -- - - - - - - - -

2.4 Causes of political thuggery - - - - - -- - - -- - - - - - - -  - - - -

2.5 Effects of political thuggery - - - - - -  - - -  - - -   ---  - - - -- -

2.6 Theoretical frame work -- - - - - -- -  -  - -  - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -

 

CHAPTER THREE -

3.1 Introduction - - - -- -- -  -  - - - -  -- - - - -- - - - - -- - -  - - - - - - -

3.2 Location of the study  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -

3.3 population of the study - - - - - - - -  - - -- - - -- - - - - --  - - - - -

3.4 Sampling technique and sampling size - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - -

3.5 Instrument of Data collection - - - -  -  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

3.6 Methods of data Analysis - - - - - -- --  --   - - -- - --  - - -- - - --- -

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1 Introduction - -- - - - - - - --  -- -- - - - - - - - -- -- - - - --  -- - - - - - -- -

4.2 Socio demographic variables - - - - - - -- - - - -- -- - -- --  - - -- - -- - - -

4.3 General information from the Questionnaire - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - --

4.4 Discussion of findings - - - - -- - - - - - - -- -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

CHAPTER FIVE:

5.1 Introduction - - - - -- - -- - - - - - -- - - - -- - -- - -- - - - -- - - -- -    --

5.2 Summary of findings - - -- - - -- - -- - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - -

5.3 Conclusion - - -- -- - -- - - -- - - - - - - - -- - - --  - -- - -  -- - - - -- - -  -- 

5.4 Recommendation - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - - -- - - --  - - -- - --- - - --  --  --

Questionnaire  - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Interview questions  - - -- - - - - - - - - --  - - -- - - --- -  -

References - - - - - -- - - -- - - - - - -

 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1          BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

It is evident that Nigerian politics is characterized by thuggery. Similarly, it is an indisputable fact that Nigerian politics is not violent – free. In fact, contemporary events, across the country have clearly demonstrated that political thugs have hijacked Nigerian politics.

Since the 60’s, no regime can be said to be immune from this syndrome, both military and civilian governments have been partaking in this dastardly act, except the 28th March 2015 elections which marked the first violent free election in Nigeria. Thuggery has been elevated to fashionable but regrettable status within the Nigerian polity. The number of thugs a Politian can keep has a determining factor for his electoral machination and outcome. However, the more thugs a politician has the relevant he become in the society.

Thuggery has become a means to an end in Nigerian politics. It is means of sustaining power and life, an asset for life sustenance while it brings and sustains power for their barons. It is an indispensable instrument in the hands of hungry power seekers.

Thuggery according to the (Oxford Dictionary of Current English (1998:952) simply means violent act or behavior by ruffians. From the foregoing, it is observed that thuggery is synonymous with violence.

Howell (2004:3), defined thug politics as the tireless repetition of misleading facts designed to depict an opponent as personally despicable and in regard to governance as dangerous to physical and spiritual life of a nation. Thuggery is an act characterized by rudeness, hooliganism, touting, intimidation, harassment, the criminal activities etc. Political thuggery is an illegitimate and violent means of seeking political power with a view to subverting nation opinion for parochial ends through self – imposition. Therefore, political thuggery is simply the criminalization of politics, when politics is criminalized. It is left in the hands of ruffians, thugs and hooligans, because the good people are scared away.

With the return to civilian rule in May, 1999, several anti – political activities ranging from rigging, assaults, intimidation and all other forms of electoral frauds which was aided and abetted by political thuggery were prevalent in virtually all State, Local Government Areas and particularly in Kaduna North Local Government.

Politically, youths are often seeing as the future leaders of any nation. At their primer, being in the period of complex changes in their physical and intellectual live (Abuerex, 2000). However, in the historical antecedence, the Nigerian youth have been known to play important role in the country’s political space not least in the formation of political parties in the country. Youths in Nigeria played significant role in the politics of decolonization. Based on this, many like Shehu Shagari, were elected into various election positions. The role of the youths also took on a new dimension, with political parties recruiting and maintained youth political thugs so as to protect the interest of the parties and the leaders, which led to the escalation of youth political violence aided and abetted by political thuggery. This youth political thuggery activities were prevalent in virtually all states, Local Government Areas and particularly in Kaduna North Local Government. (Smith, Daura 419-421).

1.2       STATEMENT OF THE RESEARCH PROBLEM

Political violence refers to all collective attacks within a political community against the political regime. Its actors including competing political groups as well as incumbents. The end product of thuggery is violence. Violence is the means through which thugs achieve their aims.

Political thuggery among the youths of Kaduna North has remained an endemic social phenomenon that affects the political activities of the community over the years. Political violence has claimed over 200 lives and properties worth millions of naira. Youths in Kaduna North Local Government area have been identified in various occasions as playing a central role in the violence and an asset that brings money for youths for life sustenance. Thuggery has become a means to an end in Kaduna North Local Government. The number of thugs a politician can keep serves as a determinant factor for his electoral machination and outcome. However, the more thugs a politician has the relevant he become in the society. The thugs are armed with sophisticated weapons ranging from guns, cutlasses, charms, arrows, etc. with threat to meet at campaign rallies. Assassination of both parties continued almost on daily basis. (Article: Njoku, Aiphonsus 2012)

As a result of the Local Government are become a battle ground where women and children left their respective home for safety. There were gun shots burning of houses and destruction of farm products and properties of party members and killing.

The situation mention above is a major impediment and the research want to explore and ascertain the gap. This research is an assessment of the effects role of youths in Political thuggery in Kaduna North Local Government. The questions that readily come to mind are:-

1.                  What are the causes of political thuggery among the youths?

2.                  What is the nature of political thuggery in the community?

3.                  What are the effects of political thuggery in the community?

4.                  What are the possible solutions to the social dastardly act?

1.3       OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The aim of this research is to examine “The role of youths in political in Kaduna North Local Government. And the objectives of the study are to educate the readers with sufficient information as how the activities of political thuggery have brought hardship on the lives of the community.

1.         To find out the causes of youths involvement in political thuggery.

2.         To investigate the nature of political thuggery in the community.

3.         To find out the effects of political thuggery among the youths in the community.

4.         To find the solution to political thuggery

 

1.5       SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

There is no community in Nigeria that has not witnessed one of such political thuggery in this dispensation. Each community has its own significant incidence that is associated with it. Having all this in mind, the researcher decided to undertake the research to uncover the Role of youths in political thuggery in Kaduna North Local Government. The work will help those involved directly or indirectly within the community and they include, presiding officers, Registration officers, INEC staff, the electorates, students, youths, men and women of Nigeria, Police Force and the general public with vital information for those that live there or are posted to such areas for work. On the role of youths in the community and the solutions to the political thuggery when they are posted to whereby they live or are posted to such area for work or if they reside there.

This study is significant in many ways. It can act as a reference point for other researchers of students who are interested in carrying out research on political thuggery. This study can serve as a source of information to security agent during, before and after elections.

Lastly, this research will provide alternatives that will improve on the effectiveness geared or aimed at curbing political thuggery. And it also serves as an additional literature to the existing literature on youth and political thuggery.

1.6       SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The scope of this study covers the Role of the youths in political thuggery in Kaduna North Local Government in particular.. Also, the geographical area is Kaduna North Local Government Area of Kaduna State.

The study is limited to Kaduna North Local Government because of the problem that the people encountered during election and how political thuggery affects them mostly during election activities. More so, the issue of youth involvement in political thuggery has badly affected the area and people social economic and social lives.

1.7       DEFINITION OF TERMS

Politics: Weber (2009), defined politics as striving to share power or striving to influence the distribution of power, either among group, within state More so, politics is the “decision making process of who gets what, when and how”.

Thug: A person or individual engaged in thuggery. (Oxford dictionary of current English 1998)

Thuggery: Violent act or behavior by ruffians, thuggery is also criminal act aim at causing harm or inflicting wound on the victim (Oakesholt, 1952).

Violence: A form of hostility or brutality. (W.H.O 2002)

Youths: Are those members of the population of given country age between 12-40 (Kano, 2002:5).


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