TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           i

DECLARATION       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           ii

CERTIFICATION     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -          iii

DEDICATION           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -          iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           v

TABLE OF CONTENTS       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -         vii

ABSTRACT   -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -        viii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1.      Background to the study        -           -           -           -           -           -           -           1

1.2.      Statement of the problem       -           -           -           -           -           -           -           3

1.3       Research questions      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           6

1.4       Research objectives     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           6

1.5       Scope of the study      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           6

1.6       Significant of the study          -           -           -           -           -           -           -           7

1.7       Types and sources of data      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           8

1.7.1    Sources of data           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           8

1.8       Unit of analysis           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           9

1.9       Definition of terms     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           9

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

2.1       Common drugs abuse by senior primary school pupils           -           -           -         10

2.1.1    Alcohol and academic performance   -           -           -           -           -           -         11

2.1.2    Marijuana and academic performance            -           -           -           -           -         14

2.2       Reasons why drugs are been abuse by primary school pupils -           -         16

2.3       Implications of drug abuse by senior primary school pupils               -           -         19

2.4       Theoretical framework            -           -           -           -           -           -           -         22

2.4.1    Differential association theory            -           -           -           -           -           -         22

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1       Location of the study             -           -           -           -           -           -           -         31

3.2       Population of the study          -           -           -           -           -           -           -         32

3.3       Sample size and sampling procedures -           -           -           -           -         33

3.4       Method of data collection      -           -           -           -           -           -           -         33

3.5       Instrument of data collection  -           -           -           -           -           -           -         34

3.6       Method of data analysis         -           -           -           -           -           -           -         34

3.7       Ethical consideration              -           -           -           -           -           -           -         35

3.8       Problem encounter in the field            -           -           -           -           -           -         36

CHAPTER FOUR: ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

4.1       Socio-demographic data of respondent in chikun local government              -         37

4.2       Commonly abuse drug in chikun local government                -           -           -         39

4.3       Reasons why pupils engage in drug abuse in chikunloca government           -         42

4.4       Implication/consequences of drug abuse in Chikun Local Government        -         45

4.5       Discussion of findings            -           -           -           -           -           -           -         49

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1       Summary         -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -         53

5.2       Conclusion      -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -         56

5.3       Recommendation        -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -         57

5.3.1    Pre-enrolment messages          -           -           -           -           -           -           -         57

5.3.2    Provide alcohol free options   -           -           -           -           -           -           -         58

5.3.3    Restrict drug availability         -           -           -           -           -           -           -         58

Appendices     -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -           -         59

Appendix i: References          -           -           -           -           -           -           -         71

Appendix ii: Letter of introduction    -           -           -           -           -           -          

Appendix iii: Letter of introduction   -           -           -           -           -           -          

Appendix iv: Letter of introduction   -           -           -           -           -           -          

Appendix v: Questionnaire     -           -           -           -           -           -           -          

Appendix vi: Interview guide             -           -           -           -           -           -          

ABSTRACT

This study seeks to examine the consequences of drug Abuse on the education of senior primary school pupils in Chikun Local Government. Specifically, the study sought to establish the effects of the drugs as a contributing factor to poor performance by pupils in Chikun Local Government. Substance use among primary school pupils predicts substance related problems in later life. Differential association theory was use in the literature review, which explained the phenomenon of study. This study therefore aimed to identify the commonly abuse drugs, reasons for drug abuse and implications of drug use among senior primary school pupils in Chikun Local Government. Questionnaire and interview (Key Informant Interview) was use in collecting the data. Data analysis was done using descriptive method. Quantitative data was analyzed using frequency counts and percentages while qualitative data was analyzed by tallying the numbers of similar responses. Results of data analysis were presented using frequency distribution tables. The study established that tramadol, codeine and Indian hemp among others are the most dominantly abuse drugs by pupils and peer group influence is the most common reasons for pupil’s engagement in drug abuse. The study also established that poor grade in class, low concentration and repeating same class is the most common implications of drug abuse among pupils The study therefore recommends for measures on addressing the supply and use of drugs, such as counselling, incorporation of drug education into other subjects. The findings of this study should stimulate continuous debate on drug abuse in academic institutions and also provide valuable insights that the government, stakeholders, scholars and researchers can rely on their collective endeavour of addressing the challenges and making the fight against drug abuse initiative a success.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1              BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

A drug can be define as any chemical solid, liquid or amorphous substance derived from plants, animals or minerals resources which is applied externally or internally to cause some desirable effects. Drug abuse according to Laver (1978) simply means the improper use of drugs to the degree that the consequences are defined as detrimental to the user and or the society. The World Health Organization (WHO (2006) also defined drug abuse as a “state” of periodic or chronic intoxication, detrimental to the individual and to the society, produced by the repeated consumption of a drug (natural or synthetic).

Drug abuse on the other hand is the recurrent use of illegal drugs, or the misuse of prescription or over-the-counter drugs with negative consequences. Drug abuse is the use of drugs for purposes other than medical reasons, thus affecting the individual in a negative way socially, cognitively or physically (Kuria 1996). Social effects may be reflected in an individual’s enhanced tendency to engage in conflicts with friends, teachers, and school authorities. Cognitive effects relate to the individual’s lack of concentration on academic performance or work and memory loss. While Lewinsohn (2007) defines a drug any product other than food or water that affects the way people feel, think, see, and behave. It is a substance that due to its chemical nature affects physical, mental and emotional functioning of the body system. It can enter through chewing, inhaling, smoking, drinking, rubbing on the skin or injection.

Drug abuse amongst the global youth population has become a serious problem affecting everyone. Addiction leads many people, young prominent amongst them into downward spiral of hopelessness that in some cases end fatal. They range from glue-sniffing street children teenage ecstasy users, to hard core heroin and cocaine addicts (Nacada, 2004). Drug abuse is responsible for lost wages, destruction of property in schools, soaring health care costs and broken families. It is a problem which affects us all as parents, children, teachers, government officials’ taxpayers and workers.

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