ASSESSMENT OF DELAY AND ITS IMPACT ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT DELIVERY IN AKWA IBOM STATE

ASSESSMENT OF DELAY AND ITS IMPACT ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT DELIVERY IN AKWA IBOM STATE

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ABSTRACT

Construction industry is considered as one of the most important industries in Nigeria. Most construction projects in Nigeria and other developing countries are characterized by overrun in time (delay) in their completion due to various reasons in the world and Akwa Ibom state is no exception. Delay has always contributed high expenses to all parties.  Once a project is delayed, it has a negative impact on the concerned parties. These phenomena affect the progress of construction industry and may expose many institutions of construction to be destroyed. The aim of this research is to assess delay and its impact on construction project delivery with a view to mitigating its impact on construction projects. The objective of this study is to investigate the causes of delay in construction projects. It evaluates the impact of delay on construction projects and proffers ways to minimize and avoid its impact in any construction project. A structured questionnaire in Likert scale was used for data collection. The result showed that law and regulatory framework, delay in progress payment by the client, financial difficulties of the client, mistakes and errors in design, poor site management and supervision are major causes of delay. The effect of delay include cost overrun, delayed profit by the client, idling resources, and other factors e.g. arbitration, litigation, disputes, claims, lawsuits, poor professional relationship, damage of reputation and in most cases total project abandonment. Based on the findings, it concluded that construction delay affects construction project performance by inducing overrun in time and cost notably. Based on this conclusion also, the study recommended that all stakeholders in the construction industry have to work together to minimize and mitigate delay and improve on timely delivery of construction projects and to sustain healthy growth of the industry.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page                                                                                                                                i

Declaration                                                                                                                              ii

Certification                                                                                                                            iii

Approval Page                                                                                                                        iv

Dedication                                                                                                                              v

Acknowledgments                                                                                                                  vi

Abstract                                                                                                                                  vii

Table of Contents                                                                                                                   viii

CHAPTER ONE

1.0       INTRODUCTION                                                                                                    1

1.1       Background of the Study                                                                                           1

1.2       Statement of the Problem                                                                                           3

1.3       Aim and Objectives of the Study                                                                               5

1.4       Research Questions                                                                                                     5

1.5       Research Hypotheses                                                                                                  5

1.6       Significance of the Study                                                                                           6

1.7       Scope and Delimitation of the Study                                                                         6         

1.8       Definitions of Terms                                                                                                   7

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0 Introduction                                                                                                                      9

2.1 Construction Industry                                                                                                       9

2.2 Construction Projects                                                                                                        11

2.3       Concept of Delay in Construction Project Delivery                                                   18

2.4       Types of Delays                                                                                                          20

2.4.1    Excusable Delay                                                                                                         21

2.4.2 Critical & Non-Critical Delays                                                                                      23

2.4.3 Non-Compensable Delay                                                                                               25

2.4.4 Excusable with Compensation (Client Cost)                                                                 26       

2.4.5Non-Compensable Delay                                                                                                27

2.5       Non Excusable Delays                                                                                                28

2.5.1. Non - Excusable/Non - Compensable Delays                                                               29

2.6       Concurrent Delays                                                                                                      30

2.7       Identifying Factors Causing Delay                                                                             31

2.7.1    Shortage of Materials                                                                                                  32

2.7.2    Cash Flow and Financial Difficulties                                                                         33

2.7.3    Lack of Experience                                                                                                     34

2.7.4    Poor Site Management and Supervision                                                                     34

2.7.5    Inadequate Planning and Scheduling                                                                                     34

2.7.6Mistakes and Error in Design                                                                                         35

2.7.7    Frequent Design Changes                                                                                           35

2.7.8Effect of Weather                                                                                                           35

2.7.9    Insufficient Number of Equipment                                                                            36

2.7.10 Owner Interference                                                                                                      37

2.7.11 Accident on Site                                                                                                          37

2.7.12Delay in Decision Making                                                                                            38

2.7.13Lack of Communication between Parties                                                                     39

2.7.14Change in Scope of the Project                                                                                    39

2.7.15 Delay in Progress Payment by Owner                                                                         40       

2.8       Impact of Delay                                                                                                          41

2.8.1    Common Impact of Delay                                                                                          48

2.8.2 Effects of Delay in Project Execution                                                                           50

2.9       Methods of Minimizing and Management of Delay                                                 51

2.10     Summary                                                                                                                     54

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1       Introduction                                                                                                                55

3.2       Research Design                                                                                                         55

3.3       Area of the Study                                                                                                       56

 3.4      Population of the Study                                                                                              56

3.5       Sampling Technique                                                                                                    56

3.6       Data Collection Instrument                                                                                        57

3.6.1    Observation                                                                                                                 57

3.6.2    Interview                                                                                                                     58

3.6.3    Questionnaire                                                                                                              58

3.7       Method of Data Analysis                                                                                           59

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.1       Introduction                                                                                    &


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