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ABSTRACT
Construction industry is considered as one of the most important industries in Nigeria. Most construction projects in Nigeria and other developing countries are characterized by overrun in time (delay) in their completion due to various reasons in the world and Akwa Ibom state is no exception. Delay has always contributed high expenses to all parties. Once a project is delayed, it has a negative impact on the concerned parties. These phenomena affect the progress of construction industry and may expose many institutions of construction to be destroyed. The aim of this research is to assess delay and its impact on construction project delivery with a view to mitigating its impact on construction projects. The objective of this study is to investigate the causes of delay in construction projects. It evaluates the impact of delay on construction projects and proffers ways to minimize and avoid its impact in any construction project. A structured questionnaire in Likert scale was used for data collection. The result showed that law and regulatory framework, delay in progress payment by the client, financial difficulties of the client, mistakes and errors in design, poor site management and supervision are major causes of delay. The effect of delay include cost overrun, delayed profit by the client, idling resources, and other factors e.g. arbitration, litigation, disputes, claims, lawsuits, poor professional relationship, damage of reputation and in most cases total project abandonment. Based on the findings, it concluded that construction delay affects construction project performance by inducing overrun in time and cost notably. Based on this conclusion also, the study recommended that all stakeholders in the construction industry have to work together to minimize and mitigate delay and improve on timely delivery of construction projects and to sustain healthy growth of the industry.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page i
Declaration ii
Certification iii
Approval Page iv
Dedication v
Acknowledgments vi
Abstract vii
Table of Contents viii
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem 3
1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study 5
1.4 Research Questions 5
1.5 Research Hypotheses 5
1.6 Significance of the Study 6
1.7 Scope and Delimitation of the Study 6
1.8 Definitions of Terms 7
CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.0 Introduction 9
2.1 Construction Industry 9
2.2 Construction Projects 11
2.3 Concept of Delay in Construction Project Delivery 18
2.4 Types of Delays 20
2.4.1 Excusable Delay 21
2.4.2 Critical & Non-Critical Delays 23
2.4.3 Non-Compensable Delay 25
2.4.4 Excusable with Compensation (Client Cost) 26
2.4.5Non-Compensable Delay 27
2.5 Non Excusable Delays 28
2.5.1. Non - Excusable/Non - Compensable Delays 29
2.6 Concurrent Delays 30
2.7 Identifying Factors Causing Delay 31
2.7.1 Shortage of Materials 32
2.7.2 Cash Flow and Financial Difficulties 33
2.7.3 Lack of Experience 34
2.7.4 Poor Site Management and Supervision 34
2.7.5 Inadequate Planning and Scheduling 34
2.7.6Mistakes and Error in Design 35
2.7.7 Frequent Design Changes 35
2.7.8Effect of Weather 35
2.7.9 Insufficient Number of Equipment 36
2.7.10 Owner Interference 37
2.7.11 Accident on Site 37
2.7.12Delay in Decision Making 38
2.7.13Lack of Communication between Parties 39
2.7.14Change in Scope of the Project 39
2.7.15 Delay in Progress Payment by Owner 40
2.8 Impact of Delay 41
2.8.1 Common Impact of Delay 48
2.8.2 Effects of Delay in Project Execution 50
2.9 Methods of Minimizing and Management of Delay 51
2.10 Summary 54
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction 55
3.2 Research Design 55
3.3 Area of the Study 56
3.4 Population of the Study 56
3.5 Sampling Technique 56
3.6 Data Collection Instrument 57
3.6.1 Observation 57
3.6.2 Interview 58
3.6.3 Questionnaire 58
3.7 Method of Data Analysis 59
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
4.1 Introduction &
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