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CHAPTER ONE
1.1 GENERAL INTRODUCTION
Voting Behaviour is a form of political Behaviour. Therefore, understanding voters
Behaviour can explain how and why decisions were made. Either by public decisions-makers,
which has been the central concern for political scientist or electorate. To interpret voting
Behaviour, both political science and psychology expertise where necessary, and therefore
the field of political psychology emerged. Political psychology researchers study ways in
which effective influences may help. Voters more informed voting choices, with some
proposing that effects, may explain how the electorates makes informed political choices,
inspite of low overall levels of political attentiveness and sophistication.
To make inferences and predictions about Behaviour concerning a voting decision,
certain factors are said to influence voters Behaviour. Such as:- culture religion, public
influences include:- the role of emotions, political socialization, tolerance of diversity of
political views and media etc. the effect of these influences on voting Behaviour is best
understood through theories on the formation of attitudes, beliefs, schema, knowledge
structures and their practice of information processing. For example, research from different
countries indicates that people are generally happier in individualistic cultures where they
have right, such as right to vote. The degree to which voting decisions is affected by internal
processing system of political information, and external influence alters the quality of making
truly democratic decisions. A voting which is derived devoid of sentimental, be it primordial
centrifugal or centripetal forces. Ogundiya (2003).
With the Nigeria, evidence abound in the literature that at least up to the decades of
independence, voting Behaviour was not guided by ideology, party programmes or merit of
those standing top be elected, but by political calculus of ethnic geo-politics, religious
1
bigotry, out right bribery, power of incumbency, abuse of electoral process, corruption etc.
Ogundiya (2003).
In Kaduna state, with the return to democratic rule in 1999, the Kaduna state
independent electoral commission (KAD-SIECOM) was established in accordance with the
provisions of section 197 (1) (b) of the 1999 constitution of the federal republic of Nigeria
which is charged with the responsibility of organizing and conducting elections for local
government council in the state. The commission receives support and cooperation from
security agencies and civil society. From the inception, KAD-SIECOM has conducted three
different local government council election in all of the 23 local governments of the state.
The first exercise, was conducted in 2004, 6 years after the independent national electoral
commission organized one in December 1998. Subsequent elections of 2007 and 2012 had a
time lag of 3 and 5 years respectively.
Voting Behaviour lire any other human Behaviour can be impacted by a number of
factors, which may be internal or external, short-term or long-term. Therefore, Sabon-Gari
local government area of Kaduna state has been either directly or indirectly influenced by the
factors in their environment.
In this research work, we intends to study the factors that influence voters Behaviour
and its various manifestations in the Sabon-Gari local government in the 2012 local
government election. This work will be done through relevant data acquisition and analysis.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE RESEARACH PROBLEM
This research has examined the factors that influenced voters Behaviour in the 2012
local government election of Sabon-Gari local government area of Kaduna state. As, such the
research work, will attempt to address questions such as:-
i. What are the factors that possibly influenced voters Behaviour during the 2012
Sabon-Gari local government election?
2
ii. How does these factors influenced voters Behaviour in the 2012 Sabon-Gari local
government election?
iii. What is the impact of such influences on both the voters and the political process of
election?
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main objectives of the study is to examine the factors that influence voters
Behaviour in the last Sabon-Gari local government election, that was conducted in December,
2012 objective of the study include:-
i. To analyze how these factors influenced voters Behaviour in the 2012 Sabon-Gari
local government election.
ii. To explain the relationship between such factors and the candidates for elective
offices.
iii. To identify the possible influences of other factors
iv. To prefer effective solutions to the possible threats that are arising from the influences
on voters Behaviour.
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