ABSTRACT

Domestic Solid waste management has become the greatest problem facing many urban

and semi-urban areas in Nigeria.Despite the efforts by the state government to help to solve

the problem its efforts are not enough and these brought about the involvement of the

private sector to participate to help to solve the problem.The study assessed private

participation in domestic solid waste management in Kaduna South Local Government,

Kaduna State, Nigeria. The study area comprises of twelve(12) wards, the twelve wards

was considered.Adopting the Yamene (1967) formula for sample size determination, the

sample size for this study will be 381 andBowley formula (1924) was used to determine the

number of questionnaires to distribute in the twelve wards. The primary data used in this

study was obtained by direct field observations, questionnaire administration, oral

interviews, images and photos of the study area. The results of the major finding showed

that plastics and polythene materials dominated the waste material generated with (33%)

and metallic materials forms (9%) of the total waste generated.Generally waste generated

wasgreater than waste disposed, the private sector played the greater role (57%) in the

waste management than the government or public (43%), Waste disposals firms were faced

with four (4) categories of challenges, first availability of dumpsite (42%), second,

Inadequate of modern facilities (27%), third shortage of skilled personals (23%) and finally

others (9%).The study thus recommended Public Enlightenment and Education on issues of

waste management and a better public awareness strategy on the subject matter also The

participation of private sector in the management of domestic solid waste should be

encourage so as to help in the solution of domestic sold waste littering.The Kaduna State

Ministry of Environment should review the existing laws and regulations guiding

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study

Waste is defined as any unwanted material that is due for discarding. But technically, waste

isconsidered as a resource in the wrong place Abdullahi, (2011). Waste is something for

which we have no further use and which we wish to get rid of. Solid wastes arise from

unusable residues in raw materials, leftovers, rejects and scrap from process operations,

used or scrap packaging materials and even the saleable products themselves when they are

finally discarded.

Following the unrelenting urbanization and largely unimpressive performance of the public

sector in the provision of infrastructure in many cities in low-income countries, the search

for alternative strategies for urban environmental services became inevitable. One obvious

consequence of rapid urbanization is the growing generation of solid wastes, and many city

authorities face unprecedented challenges in managing these, including problems coping

with their collection and disposal . Despite the importance of adequate solid waste

management to the urban environment, the performance of many city authorities in this

respect leaves much to be desired (Ogu2006).

According to the 1996 Global Report on Human Settlements, between one-third and one-

half of the solid wastes generated within most cities in low and middle-income countries

are not collected. They usually end up as illegal dumps on streets, open spaces and waste

land. The proportion of solid wastes collected and disposed of is less than 25 per cent in

Dares Salaam (Tanzania) and about 40 per cent and 60 per cent respectively for Karachi

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(Pakistan) and Jakarta (Indonesia) (UNCHS 2000) It is believed that in the poorest

communities (many of which are in sub Saharan Africa), 80 to 90m per cent of wastes

generated are not collected for safe disposal. Even in countries where city authorities

provide waste services, these are often spatially concentrated, leaving some parts of the city

unserved.

In recent years, there has been a paradigm shift in urban infrastructure development and

management from a dominance of the public sector to an emphasis on private sector

provision of services. The World Bank‟s policy on the urban sector shifted from project-

based lending in the 1970s to the current emphasis on institutional, regulatory and financial

reforms by the public sector, enabling the private sector to play a major role in urban

infrastructure development and provision ( World Bank 2001 ).

Generally, private sector entrepreneurs or enterprises do not pay taxes, have no trading license

and are not included in social welfare or government insurance schemes (Haan, Coad,

&Lardinois, 1998).The private sector is that segment of the private sector that operates

outside the official legal andinstitutional framework for solid waste management. One of