The contemporary African Literature is believed to be a revolutionary literature that looks critical  into contemporary social situations with a view of amending the wrongs therein.  However, no writer writes in a vacuum but within  the scope of human experiences, happening around him,  and particularly the  experiences he met on ground in his society.  This is the Orature of  his society.

The tool adopted  for this research was the sociological theory,  this is because it encompasses the way of life and experiences of people in a given society.  The  research made use of the stratified sampling method, where relevant texts were applied to the theory for analysis.

A number of discoveries were made in this research first, there would be no written literature without orature.  It was also discovered that there are no people, society or race without their inherent Oral traditions that distinguishes them.

    Consequently, agreeable conclusions were  drawn on the relationship between Orature and the Modern African Literature.  We were able to view Orature as the founder of Modern African Literature.

In conclusion, the undeniable link between Orature and the Written Literature.

Title page i

Certification ii

Dedication iii

Acknowledgment  iv

Abstract v

Table of contents vi-vii

CHAPTER ONE

Introduction 1

Purpose of the Study 2

Justification 3

Scope of the Study 3

Methodology 4

CHAPTER TWO

Literature Review 6

Orature 6

Element in Oral Literature

The Concept of Orature in a Sociological Context 14

Background Information on Wole Soyinka’s 18

Modern African Literature 18

The Sociological school of Literature 21

CHAPTER THREE

Orature in Soyinka’s “The Beatification of Area Boy” 24

Some songs which portray the Rich African Culture 24

Superstitious Beliefs Among Africans. 29

African Ceremonies 33

Dramatic Elements in “The Beatification of Area Boy” 34

CHAPTER FOUR

Summary 41

Findings 41

Conclusion 42

Bibliography 43

Modern African Literature is believed by some critics to be a transition form spoken words to the written form of it, especially in relation to the  expression of African beliefs and world view.  Thus, except for the language issue which alienates  Modern African Literature from its root, the experiences expressed therein remain essentially African.  To ensure the maintenance of African identity However,  deliberate efforts are made by writers to reach  the grassroots by switching over to vernacular as a more towards revolutionizing the contemporary African Literature, while some only limit their zeal to a full exploration of African values.

Furthermore, no definition of written literature can be said to be complete without a prior reference to its  origin in  whatever setting, be it, African or European.  The literature of a set of people does not emerge from a vacuum.  It is the fundamentals of a set of people that make up their written literature, whether these fundamentals are written or unwritten.  Therefore, it is erroneous to stress the written aspect of literature alone and ignore the oral aspect.  Whatever becomes written has been in existence in the unwritten form.  The general consensus is that, written literature  borrows some features form unwritten literature in terms of content and even style.

It is this situation, that is the  deployment of oral forms in the writing of Modern African writers that have become of interest to this writer.  hence, in this project, we intend to study the features of oral literature that may be present in Wole Soyinka’s “The Beatification of Area Boy”.