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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background to the study
Child
up-bringing practices and early childhood education are usually tied to
the beliefs about what life is all about and how to sustain it in the
society. This is not peculiar to Africa alone, as it is common to all
races, there is a greater percentage of influence which child upbringing
practices have over early childhood education. Babajire (2000).
According to a biblical expression that says teach your child the way to
go, so that when he grows up, he will not depart from it". This
expression agrees with the provision in National Policy on Education
(2013) which highlights purpose of early childhood education as
provision of the necessary stimulation and opportunities of the right
level and development of the child.
For years, anthropologists,
sociologist and psychologists have been providing descriptions of how
children are raised within cultures around the world, including the
beliefs and practices surrounding pregnancy, child birth and treatment
of young children. According to UN1CEF consultative group report on
early childhood care and development (1993), child upbringing practices
are enabled in the culture and determine to a large extent, the
behaviour and expectations surrounding child's birth and infancy. This
also influences the early childhood, adolescence and the way these
children bring up their own children in future. Furthermore, the
submission of the anthropologists, sociologists, and psychologists
suggest that child up-bringing consists of practices, which are grounded
in cultural practices pattern and beliefs, these include breast feeding
and weaning, toilet training, language development, social and
emotional development. All these have impacts on the early childhood
education of individual.
Maduewesi (2007) defines early childhood
education or pre-school education as a semi - formal education
arrangement, usually outside the home where by young children from about
the age of three to five are exposed through play like activities in a
group setting to social and physical learning which are proportionate to
their development, until the mandatory age of government approved
formal schooling.
National Policy on Education, the following are
highlighted as the objectives of early childhood/pre-school education:
To effect a smooth transition from home to school. To prepare the child
for the primary level of education. To provide adequate care and
supervision for the children while their parents are at work (on the
farm, in the market, offices etc.) To inculcate social norms. To
inculcate in the child, the spirit of enquiry and creativity through the
exploration of nature, the environment, art music and playing toys. To
develop a sense of cooperation and team work To learn good habit,
especially good health habits. To teach the rudiments of numbers
letters, colours, shape, forms and through play. Thus since the
education of the child starts right from home being the first place he
interacts with, the kind of up-bringing practices employed by parents
or guardian has lots to do in the education of children in the early
years. In other words, there is significant relationship between the
transit from home to the school and the objectives of early childhood
education as stated in the National Policy on Education.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Series
of problems have been identified by scholars in the social sciences
which are affecting the early childhood education among which are
environment heredity and so on. These identified factors tend to
indicate the rate at which children in the pre- school centers learn,
interact and explore. To investigate into child up-bringing practices
and it's implication on early childhood education.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The
purpose of this study is to investigate the opinion of some selected
nursery and primary school teachers, on the roles of child up-bringing
practice on early childhood education in Epe local Government Area of
Lagos State. Specifically the study sets to achieve
1. Find out if child up-bringing practice have impact on early childhood education?
2. Find out if child up-bringing practice have any negative effect on childhood education?
3. Find out if child up-bringing practice have any implication on the behavior and future of child?
1.4 Research Questions
Answers will be sought to the following research questions
1. Does child up-bringing practice have impact on early childhood education?
2. Does child up-bringing practice have any negative effect on childhood education?
3. Does child up-bringing practice have any implication on the behavior and future of a child?
1.5 Research Hypotheses
1. There is a relationship between child up-bringing practice and benefit of early childhood education?
2. There is a relationship between child up-bringing practice and any negative effect on childhood education?
3. There is a relationship between child up-bringing practice and any implication on the behavior and future of child?
4. There is a relationship between child up-bringing practice and school environment?
1.6 Scope of the Study
This
study is limited to the nursery and primary schools teacher in Epe
Local Government Area of Lagos State. Such nursery and primary schools
include: Jolayemi Nursery and Primary School. St. Michael Primary
School. Christ the redeemer Nursery and primary. Christ Church Nursery
and primary. Luyepo primary school. Lupetoro primary school. Faith
foundation Nursery and primary school. Rosenik Nursery and primary
school. St-Theresa Nursery and primary school. St-Theresa primary
school.
1.7 Significance of The Study
The outcome of the
study would help to determine the various child up-bringing practices
employed by parent and the importance of this practices on the early
childhood education. Also parent will be able to admit the fact that the
child up-bringing practices which ever one is employed by the parent
affect the education of their wards. The study identify deficiencies in
the use of child up-bringing practices in relation to early childhood
education and offer useful suggestion to parent on the right choice of
child up-bringing practices. The result of the study also identify and
acknowledge the implication of child up-bringing practices which ever
employed on the behavior and future of a child and also offer useful
suggestions on why parent should take time in the use of parenting
styles.
1.8 Limitation of the Study
The time frame for this
study has made it impossible for the researcher to sample a larger
population because it has to be conducted and submitted within a
stipulated time. This is the reason why the study was limited to primary
school teachers, parent, and guardian in Epe Local Government Area of
Lagos State.
1.9 Definition of Terms
Child: - A young person who is not yet an adult.
Child
up Bring :- Is the process of promoting and supporting the physical,
emotional, social, financial, and intellectual development of a child
from infancy to adulthood.
Education :- It is the process of teaching and learning usually at school.
Parenting :- Activity of looking after children Practices:- They are method or custom in doing things.
Style:- The way in which a person or group of people typically does something.
Child
up bring:- is the process of promoting and supporting the physical,
emotional, social, financial, and intellectual development of a child
from infancy to adulthood.
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