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ABSTRACT
The industrial sector remains a strong sector of any
economy, be it developed or developing. The developed countries are
noted for their high industrial performance. The effect of the
industrial activities on the economy of underdeveloped or developing
nation si still under contention.
It’s a fact that the economy will not grow without its industrial activities. These activities include: agriculture, manufacturing, mining and mineral processing and export opportunities for manufacturers. This study specifically analyze the impact of industrialization to economic development. It postulate that inspite of the effort of Nigerian government, Nigeria still show a stunted growth because of some constraints.
In order to redress these problems, it was suggested that government should ensure policy consistency by allowing fiscal and monetary policies to work themselves out before a counter policy is introduced, also, industrial policy must be designed, reviewed and implemented in such a way that it will facilitate and not discourage investment in the sector. Based on the above, the prosperity of the nation to a large extent dependents on the development and sustenance of the industrial sector.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Industrialization is regarded as a central object of economic policy in most developing economies. They see industrialization and agriculture as an integral part of development and structural change. Some economic analyst are of the view that industries play a vital role in the economic growth and development of any country. In this economic research work, effort is made to analyze the impact of the industrial sector to the economic development of Nigeria.
Generally, the industrial revolution which took place in
Britain between the late 18th and 19th centuries has gotten much to do
with the present set back on industrial development led to the factory
process that meta-morphosised into industrial production. Thus, history
recorded that the industrial sector performance in Nigeria’s economic
growth is as old as the nation itself. It dates back to the amalgamation
of the southern parts of the country in 1914 to for
the geographical
land mass called Nigeria. By a representative of the colonial
administration of Britain Lord, Fr. Fredrick Lugard.
As soon as
independence was over, the government of Nigeria embarked on import
substitution as an industrial strategy in order to reverse the problem
of deficit balance of trade and fasten industrialization among other
reasons.
Right from the first national development plan (1962-1968)
to the fourth national development plan (1981-1985) rapid
industrialization received priority in Nigeria’s development objectives.
The government sector for instance, the allocation of 16.2 percent of
the budget plan to the manufacturing sector during the third national
development plan (1975-1980) was the highest.
The industrial policies and strategies of development were adoption of import substitution strategy, expansion of indigenous equity participation in foreign owned enterprises, provision of integration, linkages and diversification of industrial increased domestic resources content of industrial product and provision of financial and manpower resources to promote research and adoption of technology to encourage the small and medium scale industries and public sector participation and control of some large industrial products such as iron.
To withstand the rising problems of the sector and economy in general, Nigeria embarked on structural adjustment programme (SAP) in 1986 on the assumption that structural adjustment programme (SAP) would corrects these problems. It has important implication on both the government and industry. It has brought government re-appraised of the regulatory environment, the structure of protection for local industries and the package of incentives available. For the private sector and industrialist in particular, SAP presented a new challenge which reported a more serious effort to control costs, increase production efficiency and remain competitive.
In the spirit of SAP, the second tier foreign exchange
market (SFEM) was introduced in 1987 to allow market forces determine
the foreign exchange rate, remove price distortions and thereby effect a
more efficient allocation of resources.
Because of inability of the
existing policies to live up to expectation, government therefore in
1988 adopted a new approach to industrial development, which gave
prominence to the role of the private sector. To give effect to this
management approach, government, in August 1988, established the
national committee on industrial development (NCID). The strategic
management of industrial development (SMID) or industrial master plan
(IMP) is predicted on the need to organize a network of sectors
(referred to as strategic consultative groups) around on industrial
activities with the aim of having a comprehensive and perception view of
the investment problems in particular line of industrial activity. The
(IMP) seeks to minimize the problems of policy and programme consistency
in the development of the nations industries.
A number of fiscal and monetary policies together with institutional reform measures have been undertaken by the Olusegun Obasanjo administration since transition in May 1999. With these measures, it is envisioned that Nigeria will be transformed into a major industrialized nation and an economic power.
1.1 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The industrial sector is known to be the strength of the value-added processes in many economies. Nigeria is wanting to industrialize must encounter some problems which are militating against industrialization for the purpose of this study, it is pertinent to survey those problems which are forming obstacles to industrialization.
Industrial sector encountered the problem of low price elasticity of export and lack of comparative advantage. This means that Nigeria share of foreign exchange market cannot appreciate despite the numerous incentives granted to the industrial sector.
The
absence of an indigenous entrepreneurship class couple with other
problems of multinational corporation affect the structure and influence
the nature of utilization of scientific and technological labour for
national development.
Realizing that industrialization can indeed
have some adverse effect on the economic growth and development of the
country, one will logically ask low effective are the industrialization
policies in Nigeria?
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
It has been observed that most
industries in Nigeria have not realized their economic development goal
even with the existence of manufacturing industries within the economy.
Therefore this work researches the following objectives.
i. To determine the role of manufacturing industry in the economic development of Nigerian economy.
ii.
To examine ways in which industrial sector in Nigeria can be made to
play a better role towards high productivity for economic growth of
Nigeria.
1.3 HYPOTHESES OF THE STUDY
The following hypotheses are tested on this study:
H0: The industrial sector contribution has no significant impact to economic development of Nigeria.
Hi: The industrial sector contribution has significant impact to the economic development of Nigeria.
1.4 SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
The significant of this study lies in
the fact that it will expose the extent to which industrialization has
contributed to economic development of Nigeria. It will highlight some
obstacles hindering increase in industrialization and industrial output
in Nigeria.
This work will be relevant to entrepreneurs and
government by directing them on the easiest means of embarking on
industrial development plan. The relevance of this work also lies in the
fact that it adds to the already existing literature on industrial
output.
Furthermore, this research work will assist students of
economics, government and real potential industrialist, investors and
other related coursed. Other researchers will see this work veritable
material in their field of study .
Finally, since no knowledge is a
waste, readers of this work will find it interesting to know that high
industrialization is the shortest route to economic development.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This research work deals on the impact of
industrialization on Nigeria’s economic development. The date used is a
secondary data, which was obtained from the publication of the central
bank of Nigeria statistical bulletin and the amial report of accounts.
The analytical tools employed on this research include t-test and
regression analysis.
1.6 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
A study of this nature cannot be done without some problems and as such it was constrained by many factors namely:
TIME: While embarking on this detailed research work, the researcher was having lectures, preparing for examinations, engaging in such activities and domestic work as well. So time was not enough for the researcher to perfect the work.
FINANCE: Financial inadequacy was the major limitation of this work. The researcher was financially dependent as a student. The need for materials, trips and logistics needed for this research was not adequately provided.
DATA: The controversial nature of the Nigeria data delayed this work. It took the researcher a lot of time before the harmonization of the data used in this research work.
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