TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title page......................................................................................................................ii

Certification...................................................................................................................iii

Dedication......................................................................................................................ivAcknowledgements........................................................................................................v

Abstract.........................................................................................................................vii

Table of contents............................................................................................................ix

CHAPTER ONE

1.1             Background to the study.......................................................................................1

1.2             Statement of the problem.....................................................................................3

1.3             Research question.................................................................................................4

1.4             Objective of the study...........................................................................................5

1.5             Research hypotheses.............................................................................................5

1.6             Significance of the study......................................................................................6

1.7             Scope of the study................................................................................................7

1.8             Limitation of the study.........................................................................................8

1.9             Operational definition..........................................................................................8

CHAPTER TWO

2.1             Conceptual framework.......................................................................................10

2.2             Review literature in line with research hypotheses............................................11

2.2.1       Organizational performance and effective communication...............................11

2.2.2       Organization environment and communication.................................................13

2.2.3        Communication difficulties and various management cadre............................14

2.3             Communication process.....................................................................................18

2.4             Forms of communication....................................................................................20

2.5             The purpose of communication..........................................................................21

2.6             Principles of communication..............................................................................22

2.7             Review of empirical studies...............................................................................23

2.8             Summary of related  literature review................................................................25

CHAPTER THREE

3.1             Introduction........................................................................................................27

3.2             Area of the study................................................................................................28

3.3             Sources of data...................................................................................................28

3.4             Questionnaires ...................................................................................................28

3.5             Population of the study.......................................................................................30

3.6             Sampling and sampling techniques....................................................................30

3.7             Description of the instrument.............................................................................32

3.8             Validation and reliability of the instrument.......................................................32

3.9             Method of data collection and questionnaire.....................................................33

3.10         Method of data analysis.....................................................................................34

CHAPTER FOUR

4.1             Introduction........................................................................................................35

4.2             Data presentation and analysis of returned questionnaire..................................35

4.3             Testing of research hypotheses..........................................................................45.

CHAPTER FIVE

5.1             Summary of the study.........................................................................................51

5.2             Discussion of finding and its implication...........................................................51

5.3             Conclusion..........................................................................................................53

5.4             Recommendation................................................................................................54

5.5             Recommendation for further studies..................................................................55

References  ...................................................................................................................56

Appendix.......................................................................................................................59

Questionnaire.................................................................................................................60

ABSTRACT

            This research study was conducted in order to examine “Effective communication as a strategy for enhancing organizational performance the case study of Nigerian Breweries Plc Benin. With a view to ascertain the degree of employee participation in management decision making

            In finding solution to the problem, three hypotheses were formulated and also data collected through the use of self administered questionnaire in a sample of one hundred and ten workers.

            However, the result obtained from the test of hypothesis reveals that there is greater communication among people of same level than people of different level in the organization. Also it was revealed that organizational environment affect communication.

            It was recommended that management staff should be sent on training in the area of communication for them to be aware of the effect of communication, also management and staff relationship should be improved but should not interfere with authority relationship. This will in turn increase the volume of organizational performance. 

 

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1             BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

The word communication has a rich and complex history. It first appeared in English language in the fourteen century, taken from the Latin word communication which means to impact, share or make common. Bateman (2002), defined communication as the transmission of information and meaning from one party to another through the use of shared symbol.It is a well known fact that communication plays a coordinal and integrating role in the management of the affairs of any organization whether in the function of planning, organizing, staffing, leading or controlling. Communication is one of the primary areas for understanding human behavior, Rami (2000). Communication is an essential tool for management, which is used to carry the whole organization as

a single being.

            Communication is applied to all phase of managing. It is particularly important in the function of leading. Communication is critical for all level of human behavior man’s ability to think and transmit the thought through the communication process, provides the binding element for social interaction. The relation success or failure of human endeavor depend to a great extent upon the effectiveness of communication

            According to Drucker (1985), the management effectiveness depends on his ability to listen and to read on his ability to speak and to write. Unfortunately, the importance of communication has not been well recognized in business. It is generally believed that anyone with common sense can write. Most managers write to impress not to express. Effective communication is a fundamental aspect of job performance and managerial effectiveness. Communication is a vital management component to any organization whether the purpose is to mainly update employees on new polices to prepare for a weather disaster to ensure safety throughout the organization or to listen to the attitude of employees; effective communication is an integral issue in effective management.

            The purpose of the paper is to recognize and discuss the significance of effective communication during the process of managing changes in organizations. The paper reviews the literature investigation the relationship between communication and organizational change. The advantages of successful communication related to improved efforts of employees to plan and execute strategies are also discussed. The paper also identifies the objectives and communication needs for each stage of the change process. Also, the various motives and benefits of organizational communication are discussed. The paper offers a change communication model which identifies different variables facilitating effective communication and finally ensuring successful organizational change. Also, it highlights the aspect of communication which has proven to be useful for successful changes in business organization. In the uncertain and always changing times or any situation, communication is critical between leadership and its member. To assure a steady and meaningful flow of information, human resource leader can play and should play a strategic role in assuring effective communication is delivered in a meaningful two-way process i.e. sending a message and receiving a proper feedback. It has been observed over the years that effective communication has been a strategy for organization that has been performing well. It has ensured a cordial relationship between management of an organization and its employees.

1.2       STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

            Without doubt a high percentage of inefficiency and misunderstanding in organization can be traceable to inadequate and insufficient understanding of information.

            Since communication is said to be the nervous system of any organized group. Davis (2002).

            No doubt there are some problems associated with effective communication on organizational performance these include.

i.     Poor listening and premature evaluation when people do not listen carefully to what is being said to them, this will in turn result to premature evaluation

 ii.   Information overload: When information is too much it will lead to misinterpretation

iii.   Difference in status and power between the sender and the receiver of information is another barrier to effective communication.

iv.   Selective perception: people tend to perceive what they expect to perceive in communication, it means that they hear what they want to hear and ignore other relevant information.

v.    Attitude: This is the predisposition of an act or not to act in certain way. It is a mental position regarding a fact or state. Clearly, if people have made up their minds, they cannot objectively listen to what is said. According to Katz (2000) he stipulated that the fundamental problems in communication arise from two assumptions.

(a) On the part of the speaker or writer

(b) On the part of the listener or reader.

1.3       RESEARCH QUESTIONS 

            Undoubtedly an effective communication in an organization is the strategy for enhancing and directing the performance of any organization in this present day complex and competitive environment that not withstanding the following questions will be asked.

(a)   How can organizational performance be enhanced by effective communication?

(b)  What is the impact of the environment on both inflow and outflow of communication in the organization?

(c)   What are the major factors responsible for the difficulties encountered in the interpersonal communication between top level managers and lower level managers?

This research question will be answered in the objective of the study.

1.4       OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

            The specific objective of the study is to determine and evaluate on the strategies of enhancing organizational performance through effective communication. The specific objectives of the study include.

i.              To examine if effective communication affect organizational performance.

ii.           To ascertain if organization environment affect communication

iii.         To verify if communication difficulties affect various management cadre in organization.

1.5             RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS 

In this research work some hypothesis are formulated by the use of the null and the alternative hypothesis. For the purpose of testing. The null hypothesis is denoted by Ho, while the alternative hypothesis is denoted by Hi:

Hypotheses One

Ho: organizational performance does not depend on effective communication.

Hi: Organizational performance depends on effective communication.

Hypothesis Two

Ho:  Organizational environment does not affect communication

Hi: Organizational environment affect communication

Hypothesis Three

Ho: A Communication difficulty does not affect various management levels in organization.

Hi: communication difficulties affect various management levels in organization.

1.6       SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

            The research work will be of immense benefit to various forms of organization in Nigeria at the conclusion of this research work, both top and low level managers in Nigeria organization would be able to view communication as a means by which people are linked in an organization to achieve their common objective.

            This research work will be of importance to Nigerians because it would describe the various methods techniques and means by which effective communication as a strategy for enhancing organizational performance.

            More so, this study would produce an insight for top middle and low level managers in organizations in Nigeria to understand the on going: in the Nigerian business environment.

            The research work would be a useful source of materials for information, teaching and for future research purposes.

            Finally this study will assist in knowing the benefit to be enjoyed and derived that really emphasizes on the concept of organizational communication as a strategy for its organizational growth and performance.

1.7       SCOPE OF THE STUDY     

The research work is to study the effectiveness of communication as a strategy for enhancing organizational performance with regard to Nigerian Breweries Plc, Benin.

            The scope of this study is not intended to embrace in detail all that may have been required to develop the topic of the study because of its broad and its inherent difficulties associated with obtaining data because of time constraints – which will hamper a useful detailed development of the research topic.

            However, this study will be in terms of the population studied, here the unit of data collection will be taken form the public affairs community relation department sales department, administrative and human resources department.

            More so, the studies carried out so far are

(a)   The reaction of top management staff to effective communication

(b)  The process that can enhance effective communication in organization.

(c)   How can effective communication enhance organizational performance?

(d) 

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