- The Complete Research Material is averagely 75 pages long and it is in Ms Word Format, it has 1-5 Chapters.
- Major Attributes are Abstract, All Chapters, Figures, Appendix, References.
- Study Level: BTech, BSc, BEng, BA, HND, ND or NCE.
- Full Access Fee: ₦6,000
Get the complete project »
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Extraction other-wise called leaching is the preferential solution of one or more constituents of a solid mixture by contact with a liquid solvent. This unit operation, one of the oldest in the chemical industries, here been given many names, depending to some extent upon the technique used for carrying it out extraction of oil form groundnut seeds can be carried out using any of the two solid-liquid extraction methods namely: mechanical extraction method or the used of solvent other- wise called mass-transfer method. The yield of the second method is higher but contains more impurities than the first method and it requires another unit operation (distillation) in purity it better.
The success of an extraction and the technique to be used will vary frequently depending upon any prior treatment which may be given to he solid. In some instance small particles of the soluble material are completely surrounded by a matrix of insoluble matter. The solvent must then diffuse into the mass, and the resulting solution must diffuse out before a separation can result. Crushing and grinding of such solids will greatly alliterate the leaching action, since then the soluble portions are made more accessible to the solvent.
Seeds like groundnut seeds and other vegetable seeds are cellular in structure, and the natural products to be leached form this material are usually found inside the cells. if the cell walls remain intact upon exposure to a suitable solvent, the leaching involves osmotic passage of the solute through the cell walls. This may be slow, but in is impractical and sometime undesirable to grind the material small enough to release the contents of individual cells.
Oil constitutes a well-defined class of neutral organic substance, which are essential constituents of all forms of plant and animal life. They are soluble in other and organic solvents but not in water. Commercial oils are however from a relatively few member of the plant and animal kingdom available forms. They are primary a product of agriculture although these is also a considerably production from uncultivated tropical plants and from mature animals. Oil can be grouped into edible and non-edible depending on the amount of unspecified matters and impurities. Owing to the fact that the use of oil from crop seed as a major raw materials has increased in recent yeses their has been the need for extended and numerous research works based on the extraction of these oil. Form its seeds as economically efficiently as possible.
The only possible way of obtaining large quality of oil from oil being vegetable or plant materials is by extraction and this could best be achieve using leading process. This process can be accomplished by a variety of ways but as might be expected its efficiency depends to an extant an obtaining intimate contact between the liquid solvent and the solid containing he solute. Leaching reduces the oil content in the residue to about 0.5-1.5 percent as compared.
With about 5-9 percent by mechanical process. The types of solvent available for leaching include 17-hexane, petroleum ether benzene ethyl ether etc which are high petroleum fractions. The choice of a solvent for extraction is a function of its volatility and relative volatility for easy separation by distillation.
Groundnut oil is used primary in homes for cooking and also as an industrial raw material for other usefully products.
1.2 SCOPE AIMS/ OBJECTIVES FO THE PROJECT
The scope of this research project is to extract oil from groundnut seeds and compare the yields obtained using different solvents and to standard.
Also the project is aimed at characterizing the extracted oil by determining the physical and chemical properties of the oil.
You either get what you want or your money back. T&C Apply
You can find more project topics easily, just search
-
SIMILAR AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION FINAL YEAR PROJECT RESEARCH TOPICS
-
1. THE SUITABILITY OF EGG SHELL AND SNAIL SHELL WASTE AS LOCAL MATERIALS IN IMPROVING THE PH OF MUD
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY Far way back in 1900, while drilling an oil well in Spindle tops Texas, the drilling crew used variou...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 56 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
-
2. ANALYSIS OF LIVELIHOOD DIVERSIFICATION STRATEGIES BY FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN CHIKUN AND ZANGO KATAF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA.
» ABSTRACT This study examined livelihood strategies and their contribution to poverty reduction among farming households in Chikun and ZangoKataf Local...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
-
3. POPULATION PRESSURE AND AGRICULTURAL LAND PRODUCTIVITY A CASE STUDY OF TAI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, RIVERS STATE
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF STUDY In recent times, one of the major issues in the world especially in third world countries has been the al...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
-
4. STRATEGY FOR ENSURING FOOD SECURITY IN TARABA STATE, NIGERIA
» ABSTRACT The study identified strategies for ensuring food security in Taraba State. Specifically, the study was designed to identify the determinants...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 121 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
-
5. CATTLE RANCHING IN NIGERIA: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTION
» Abstract Pastoralism is the most traditional of ruminant livestock production systems in which extensive movement of the animals in search of pastures...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 57 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
-
6. COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF GRASS, LEGUME AND THEIR MIXTURE WITH BREWERS' SPENT GRAINS FED TO WEST AFRICAN DWARF RAMS
» ABSTRACT Four West African Dwarf sheep were used to investigate the effect of brewers’ spent grains supplementation on the utilization of mixed fora...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 66 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
-
7. STRATEGIES FOR INVOLVING RURAL FARMERS IN AGRICULTURAL BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA
» CHAPTER ONE INTROUCTION The conservation of biodiversity is one aspect of environment, which has recently receivedglobal attention. Biodiversity refer...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 58 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
-
8. HETEROSIS AND COMBINING ABILITY FOR SUGAR CONTENT AND GRAIN YIELD IN SWEET AND GRAIN SORGHUM (SORGHUM BICOLOR L. MOENCH) HYBRIDS
» ABSTRACT This research was conducted to study heterosis and inheritance of sugar, grain yield and other agronomic traits in sweet sorghum. The parenta...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 89 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
-
9. EFFECT OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF ORGANIC SELENIUM AT DIFFERENT LEVELS ON REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF RABBIT DOES
» ABSTRACT The effect of dietary supplementation of organic selenium at different levels on reproductive performance of rabbit does was investigated usi...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
-
10. FACTORS INFLUENCING ADOPTION OF RECOMMENDED IRISH POTATO PRODUCTION PRACTICES IN KUDAN AND GIWA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
» ABSTRACT The broad objective of this study is to examine the factors influencing adoption of improved Irish potato production practices in Kudan and G...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 94 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT