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CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Aquaculture according to FAO (1997) is defined as the farming
of aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and aquatic
plants up to final commercial production in selected or controlled
environment. The rapid growth in the culture fisheries sector contrasts
with the decline or near stagnation in the growth of supplies from
capture fisheries. There are inherent hazard and risks associated with
aquaculture production. (Erondu and Anyanwu, 2005).
In developed countries there have been heated debates among
stakeholders as to the risk and hazards of the system. This does not in
any way preclude the importance or significance of aquaculture in the
food sector; rather it is a means of resolving issues related to the
undesirable effects of the system. Unfortunately, the awareness has not
been created in developing countries that produce a major proportion of
the product. This is predicted on the fact that majority of the
producers belong to the informal sector of the economy.
The production system also present risk to public health,
change landscape of aquatic system resulting in habitat destruction and
loss of biodiversity. Chemical used in culture fisheries can become
disruptive and when they: Find their way into natural aquatic system,
they can cause irreparable damage to the ecosystem. Effluents from
culture fisheries which consist largely of fish and feed wastes contain
large quantities of nutrients that damage the water quality and also
generate unwanted algae. The situation is exacerbated by the fact that
these farms operate outside the institutional regulatory framework and
with minimal supervision from regulatory bodies.
1.2 AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND ANCILLARY
INDUSTRIES
The associated processes in aquaculture are:
(a) Processing: fish product are processed and packaged for local
consumption and export. The processes are carried out at the
local and industrial level. Theses include smoking, chilling, freezing,
canning, filleting and production of other value-added products.
(b) Laboratories: These are established in
research station, large hi-tech farms and processing plants for
environmental/facility water quality monitoring and quantity
control.
(c) Feed mill plants: These are established to produce on farm or commercial feeds. The scale operation is varied.
(d) Association industries: These are industries
that are involved in manufacturing equipment used in culture fisheries,
these include nets, fertilizer plants, bio filter, drugs, fibre glass
tanks etc. Finfish, shell fish and other farmed aquatic organisms are
produced in fresh water, brackish water and marine environment.
The receptacles for cultivation of these organisms include earthen ponds, pens, cages, rice fields, race ways, open water bodies etc. based on the level of operation the system is classified as:
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SIMILAR AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION FINAL YEAR PROJECT RESEARCH TOPICS
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1. EXTRACTION OF OIL FROM LOCAL SEED (GROUNDNUT SEED) AND CHARACTERIZATION
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION Extraction other wise called leaching is the preferential solution of one or more constituents of a solid mixture by contact ...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 75 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
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2. SEMEN QUALITY AND EGG HATCHABILITY IN LOCAL TURKEY FED DIETS CONTAINING MORINGA OLEIFERA AND GONGRONEMA LATIFOLIUM LEAF MEAL.
» ABSTRACT The experiment was conducted to determine semen quality, fertility, egg hatchability and some biochemical parameters in Nigerian local turkey...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 111 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
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3. EFFECT OF SOY GROUNDNUT MIXED GRAIN COMPLEMENTARY FOOD ON THE LEVEL OF SELECTED GROWTH IN MALE WEANING WISTAR RATS
» CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY Soybean is one of the most economical and nutritious foods which can combat the diseases stemming...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 44 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
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4. The role of plants in the treatment of diseases caused by micro-organisms based in the natural products
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUNG OF STUDY 1.1.1 Phyllantus This is a genus of the family Euphorbiaceae. It was first identified in Central and ...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 50 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
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5. PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF BROILER CHICKENS FED GRADED LEVELS OF ONION (Allium cepa) AND ONION WITH BACTOFORT®
» ABSTRACT Two feeding trials were conducted to evaluate growth performance, carcass characteristics, nutrient digestibility, haematological and serum b...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 107 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
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6. STRATEGIES FOR INVOLVING RURAL FARMERS IN AGRICULTURAL BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA
» CHAPTER ONE INTROUCTION The conservation of biodiversity is one aspect of environment, which has recently receivedglobal attention. Biodiversity refer...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 58 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
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7. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PROCESSING AND MARKETING OF CASHEW PRODUCTS IN UDENU LOCAL AREA, ENUGU STATE
» ABSTRACT This study aims in identification of cashew products that can be utilized in cashew. This ranges from cashew nuts, apple and cashew nut shell...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 50 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
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8. POULTRY FARMING: A VERITABLE TOOL FOR ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
» ABSTRACT This project work is primarily designed to provide complete understanding of poultry farming as an economic tool commercial poultry farming i...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 50 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
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9. THE EFFECT OF INFLATION AND INTEREST RATE ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN NIGERIA FROM 2000-2015
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study Inflation has been apparent in Nigeria from the outset of her national life as it was propelled i...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 56 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
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10. FARMERS’PERCEPTION OF THE GROWTH ENHANCEMENT SUPPORT (GES) SCHEME IN KOGI STATE, NIGERIA.
» ABSTRACT The main objective of the study was to determine the farmers’ perception of Growth Enhancement Support (GES) scheme in Kogi State. A to...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 100 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT