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In this work the incidence of candidacies was studied using selected
patients of university of Nigeria teaching hospital Enugu analyzed for
the presence of candidacies yeast infection. The specimens were cultured
on seaboards agar and blood agar and subculture isolated were C
aibicans C Tropical C Knusei C Pseudoizo P cals C paraknusei and C
stellatoides. The prevalence of candidacies among patients of UNTH was
monitored in terms of level of occurrence and microbial types. Also the
prevalence of candidicesis infection was 40% samples under study.
Title Page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table Of Contents
Chapter One
1:1 Introduction
1.2 Aim And Objectives
1.3 Statement Of Problem
1.4 Significant Of Study
1.5 Scope Of Study
1.6 Limitation
1.7 Hypothesis
Chapter Two
2.1 Literature Review
Chapter Three
3.1 Methodology
3.2 Sterilization Of Methodology
3.3 Population Sample
3.4 Preparations Of Culture Media
3.5 Collection Of Samples
3.6 Identification Of Isolates
3.7 Antibiotle Sensitivity Disc Testing
Chapter Four
4.1 Results
Chapter Five
5.1 Recommendation
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Reference
5.4 Appendix
INTRODUCTION
Candeda: This is a yeast like fungi several of which cause
disease in man about 90% of infection are to candida albicans, which is
normally present in mouth, intestine and veginal it is responsible for
the infection in the sites defense mechanisms (carousal 1990)
Candida abbacies usually appears as oval yeast like cell that
reproduce by budding however in infected areas. Filamentous hyphare plus
pseudolyphae (which consist of elongated yeast cells that remain
attached to each other many also be seen the yeast is easily grown at
250c 40 37 0c on sabouraudis glucose agar and if grown on cor a meal
agar at 250c the organism can produce many characteristic thick walled
chlamydospore Van leeuweuhoed (2 000) candida albicans is measured about
2.5 to 4.0 wm in diameter which can gives rise to pseudomycellun, in
the body it has no sexual form the body it has no sexual form in poor
medic at temperature of 2b0c it produces thick wall and resting cells
is about 7 to 17 m in test positive in maminaliam serum it has the
ability to split urear. it is pathogenic to rabbits. guinea Pig s and
with where it cause abscesses in the kidney when give intran Veroush
(Eleke, 2002).
Oral candidacies oral candidacies also called oral thrush)
occurs and most frequently in the new born and is probably acquired
during passage through and infected vagina the yeast appears as a
creamy grade membrane covering the tongue and appears able to produce
disease only because of the absence of their resident normal flora
(Prescott et al; 1994) if thrush has not occurred by the 3rd day of life
it is likely that it will appear but it should occur which will usually
disappear without treatment as other members of the normal flora are
acquired
Oral thrush in order children or Adults may occur as a result
of endocrine disturbance or ceutaninosis (Particularity a deficiency of
rib flauin as a complication of diabeta, as a result of poor oral
hyepene or following the administration of corticosteroides or
autibutics oral thrush also occur in bottle feed infants which the
magnification of my white patches cowering red raw areas of mucous
manbrance vanities , vagines cendiass is seen most frequents in women
with diabetes, milieus deny pregnamai or following prolonged antibiotic
therapy. The prominent symptom is a yellow, milk, veginals discharge
yeast cells and pseudo my cell can be found on the mucous membrane and
such infections may result in an intense inflammation of the entire
ingunal area according to Atlas 199: 13) he state vaginal thrush in
pregnant women are susceptible here with production of whish discharge
with a pH below 5.2. Alimentary candidacies. Alimentary candidacies may
follow essentially any of the predisposing conditions listed for adult
oral thrush; however the majority of cases occur as a result of
prolonged broad spectrum antibiotics therapy which destoirys a large
part of the normal flora of the intestine. The organisms may also cause
interse inflammation of the parinal region the region around the arws
and may spread to the and thing coetaneous are systemic candidacies
infection of the skin by Candida usually occurs in those with metabolic
disorders in those whose obesity result in continuously most tools of
skin or in persons in whom part of the body are kept moist under
surgical dressings According to Prescott et al (1999, 18) systemic
candidacies is exlvecnely but in debilitated person or those receiving
immuno suppresure drugs sandida albicans can cause urinary trait
infection endocarditis and meningitis chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis
is also a rare syndrome in which the skin mucous membranes hair and
nails become infected, such infections appears to occur in persons with
T. cell defects manifested by their inability to respond to Candida
certigens, in addition to vaging yeast infections the acid environment
of the veginal and the proliferation of normal vaginal bacterial limited
its growth when the environment of the vegina changes, situations that
change the environment of the birth control pills. Which often change
the vaginal pH or taking bread spectrum cutibioties such as tertiary
cline which kills the normal vaginal bacteria in addition, patients with
Aids of uncontrolled eddiabetes often develop yeast infections.
1.2 AIM AND OBJECTIVES
To determine the prevalence of fugal infection among the patients of UNTH Enugu
To determine the prevalence of fungal infection among single and married women of different age group patient
To determine the yeast type involved.
To determine the autimicrobial sensitivity pattern of isolates involves.
1.3 SCOPE OF STUDY
This research work is limited to only patients of single and
married women of different a group in hematology laboratory in
university teaching hospital Enugu. The work was carried out with the
use the necessary material such as early morning urine, HVS swab samples
which was collected from those women vaginal
1.4 LIMITATION
In carrying out the research work. It was so stressful for me
in area like buying of my material. I used for my practices that very
costly I also went to different markets to get what I want then in
carrying out my particle it was not easy for me also the money I was ask
was not enough for due buying of book s and transporting price that
is not steady also I found it very difficult to use university teaching
hospital Enugu library
1.5 STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Candidiasis has caused a lot of problem in our societies this
days because of has the nature of the disease look like such as the
discomfort it causes to people like itching which causes a lot of
embrcincement to people publicly
Secondary the to candidiasis cause frequented urinating people
that are suffering from the disease will not found it easy to stay in a
public for a long time without beivery disgrace by this infection
another problem with this infection is when it stays long in the body it
will make the person that is suffering from it to be smelling due to
severe discharge.
1.6 SINGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The study of this research topic will provide more constructor
frame work to formation or creating a way of Eradicating the infection (
candidiasis it also help to educate people the cause and consequence
of the infection candidacy. It will also help the communities to know
the risk of staring thing that makes people to contact the disease, it
will also help to provide precaution measure that will help in
preventing the infection.
finally this research work will help to reduce the high rate of
the disease occurrence and gives an insight into our communities
1.7 HYPOTHESIS
H0 The infection (candidiasis) is more prevalent in single women than married women
H1 The infection (candidiasis) is more prevalent in married women than in single women
H2 pregnancy is one of the factors that can change the pH or taking broad spectrum antibiotics.
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