CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1    BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

                   Decision making which is seen as the process of choosing from alternative is a part of our every day activities.

          Decision have to be made concerning what to do, how to do it, when to do it and who to do it.

          In an organization like power holding company of Nigeria (PHCN), decision making cannot be properly carried out choosing the goals and objectives of the organization, which can only be met with effective implementation.

          Managers end to formulate, assess and select alternative for the organization without their employees participation, whose major duty is to implement the alternatives selected.

          The implication is that, managers disregard their employees’ job needs which must be fulfilled in the decision making process.

          Some of these needs are enjoying self – fulfilling, sharing organizational goals and objectives.

          The impact of employee participation in decision making in an organizational growth and development have two key concepts.

          The first refer to managerial approach where by employees are allowed to take part in matters that effect them in the organization.

          This can be possible when the management style of leadership democratic in nature, but when it is autocratic management style, it cannot work, because it does not give room for participation.

Employees will become more committed to the achievement of organizational objectives if they are include in decision making.    

1.2    STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The indigenous organisation in the country that every average Nigeria worker should be committed towards his or her work will not stop if employee’s participation in business organizations, decision is not granted by management or managers.

          This study is therefore set out to unrevealed the reason for employee’s participation and how the introduction of this can help to  forestall the above statement is what the study is intend to establish

1.3    PURPOSE OF THE STUDY     

          The study has a set of aims, which it strives to achieve.

1.   To find out if employee’s participation  in decision making can have a positive impact on organization growth and development

2.   The emphasis the need for managers to always allow proper degree of employee’s participation in organizational decision making

3.   To ascertain the degree of employee’s participation that is accepted in PHCN oleh district

4.   To establish the extent to which lack of employee participation in decision making has been instrumental to the low level of growth and development in PHCN oleh district delta state.

5.   To proffer solution to number four above based in research findings.

1.4    RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. Do manager allow their employee’s participation in organization decision making?

2. Is the lack of employee’s participation in decision making responsible for low growth and development level in PHCN oleh district?

3. How does employee’s participation positively impact growth and development? 

4. Does any relationship exist between employee’s participation in decision making and organizational growth?

1.5    SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

          This study is significant in the following ways:

1.   It will help PHCN oleh district management in structuring their decision making pattern which will enable them achieve their target goals of increase in growth and development

2.   This study will equally be beneficial to modern managers in various establishment and industries.

3.   In theory, this work will contribute to the on – going effort among students of organizational behaviours to highlight the impact of employee’s participation in decision making as a way of motivating them, thereby increasing organizational growth and development.

1.6    SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study on the impact of employee’s participation in decision making on organizational growth and development as it impact PHCN oleh district. The study is for a period of one year  

1.7    LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

          In carrying out this work, the researcher was faced with some difficult such difficult are shortage of resources, non response by member – sampled etc.

          Also less time was devoted to this work since the researcher had to simultaneously carryout his academic work and this research work.

It was so because the work was carried out during our last academic year and so the researcher had to face challenges of preparing for his final examination leaving less time for the project work.

          It is however gladderming to state that, the researcher carryout the research successful upon the above threats.  

1.8    THE HISTORY OF PHCN

          The Power Holding Company of Nigeria (abbreviated PHCN or PHC), formally the National Electric Power Authority.

          The development of electricity in Nigeria is dated back to 1898 when the first generating plant was built in the city of Lagos from where it spread to other parts of the country. In 1950 the federal government passed the electricity corporation of Nigeria ordinance no 15 which gave birth to the Electricity Co-operation of Nigeria (ECN) which became the statutory body responsible for generation.

          Transmission, distribution and sale of electricity to all electricity consumer in Nigeria, in 1962 the Niger Dams Authority (NDA) was established by an act of parliament with the mandate to construct and maintain in the Dams and other works in river Niger and other areas. The NDA function was to also generate electricity by means of water power, improve navigation and promote fisheries and irrigation.

          In June 1972 the federal government promulgated decree no 24 which matched the (ECN) and NDA to become NEPA. In 1973 NEPA became operation with the responsibility to generate transmit and distribute electricity to all part of Nigerian of the federation starting with four major power station namely Ijira, delta, Afam thermal station and Kainji hydro power station will total installed capacity of 532 bmwmw.

          And the act also provide for the establishment of power consumer assistance fund, to subsidize under privileged electricity consume, a hold company called PHCN was put in place to manager the different sectors while undergoing privatization process.

1.9    DEFINITION OF TERMS

Impact:- The action of one object coming forcibly into contract with another or come into forcible contract with another object.

Employee’s participation:_ According to Davis (1985), it refer to mental and emotional involvement of person in a group with situation that encourage them to contribute to goals and show responsibility for them.

Decision making:- According to Agu (2003), decision making is the process of choosing among alternatives.

Organization:- An organization is two or more people who work together in a structural ways to achieve a specific goals or set a goals.

Growth:- An increase in capacity of an economy to product goals and service compared from one period of time to another.

Development:- A branch of economics that focuses in improving the economic of developing country

Motivation:- This refer to those internal energize factors capable of directing behaviour in a participation direction

Manager:- A person who get things done through the effort of others.

Employee’s (subordinate):- This refer to person that implement the choosing alternative of an organization

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