CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background to the Study

        Motivation has been a bottleneck before management in the past two centuries, due to constraints posed by motivation in both private and public sectors of the economy. This project is centered on motivation as a tool for effective development of worker's productivity in an institution.

        Nevertheless, in the past centuries the quest for better ways of motivating people at work has caused some researchers to concentrate on the physiological factors like Abraham Maslow's first stage of hierarchy of  need i.e. food, clothing, shelter, water, air, e.t.c. that stimulate workers  rather than developing the incentives of  financial reward. (Ifinedo, 2003).

        Although, the key factor to underlying of behavior is understanding of  the needs in Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs. In order to motivate people to put in their maximum efforts. It is essential that these various needs mentioned in Maslow hierarchy of needs has to be identified and satisfied, as far as practicable, The few practical ways of motivating employees at work is wages/salaries, job security authority and accountability, understanding the subordinates goals.

        The emphasis has been placed  on the satisfaction of higher human needs for the motivation of employees, the basic needs salaries/wages, job security etc. have to be satisfied first, there is no doubt that the immediate problem confronting the workers in Nigeria is that managers or supervisors do not make workers feel that their work is important, that is little job is a part of  the total process, without introducing the process is not complete, people get most satisfaction from the job itself, therefore, effort should be made to enrich the job if satisfaction is to be achieved.

        Recently, these views have been examined by different researchers who suggested that people must find their work satisfying in order to be motivated and increase productivity. In such situation, incentives are essential either in form of monetary reward or in the form of non-monetary reward like promotion, advancement, achievement/recognition etc. rather than the traditional system of maximizing productivity at the expense of workers satisfaction.

        The focus of this study it to evaluate the institution's condition having motivated its workers with special focus on Benue State Polytechnic, hence the topic "the impact of  staff  motivation on workers' productivity.

1.2   Statement of the Problem

        This research work is directed mainly towards the solution of a problem faced by the institutions and in order to be productive, there is need for employees to be motivated.

        Therefore, the following have to be considered:

    i.        Is there any significant relationship between motivation and commitment of workers in Benue State Polytechnic?

  ii.        Is there any significant relationship between motivation and job satisfaction of workers?

iii.        Is there any significant relationship between training and motivation of workers?

 iv.        Is there any significant relationship between training and productivity of workers in Benue State Polytechnic?

   v.        Is there any significant relationship between management and their workers?

1.3 Objectives of the Study

    i.        To examine whether there is any significant relationship between motivation and commitment of workers in Benue State Polytechnic.

  ii.        To determine the relationship that exists between motivation and job satisfaction of workers.

iii.        To examine whether there is any relationship between training and motivation of workers.

 iv.        To assess the relationship between training and productivity of workers in Benue State Polytechnic.

   v.        To investigate the relationship existing between management and their workers. 

1.4 Research Hypotheses

Hypothesis One

Ho: There is no significant relationship between motivation and commitment of workers in Benue State Polytechnic.

Hi:  There is significant relationship between motivation and commitment of workers in Benue State Polytechnic.

Hypotheses Two

Ho: There is no significant relationship between motivation and job satisfaction of workers.

Hi: There is significant relationship between motivation and job satisfaction of workers.

Hypothesis Three

Ho: There is no significant relationship between training and motivation of workers.

Hi: There is significant relationship between training and motivation of workers. 

Hypothesis Four

Ho: There is no significant relationship between training and productivity of workers in Benue State Polytechnic.

Hi:  There is significant relationship between training and productivity of workers in Benue State Polytechnic.

1.5   Significance of the Study            

The study of this nature is important to the institution of the researchers, and will serve as a contribution to the body of knowledge:

To the researcher: indeed, this research work has enabled the research to acquire more knowledge on the issue of motivation and its workers productivity.

        To scholars/students: Unarguably, this research work will serve as a reference material to other students and researchers    

To the stakeholders and Executives of business organization: It is a well know facts  the research brings about new information and knowledge, therefore, this research work will indisputably help the stakeholders and executives of business organization to improve their various workers motivation application for the overall performance of the workers.

        Furthermore, the research will serve as an eye opener to other organizations regarding the immeasurable impacts motivation can bring on workers' productivity.

        To examine the motivation practice in an institution, and to know the extent to which it is being carried out.

1.6 Scope and Limitations of the Study

1.6.1 Scope of the Study

        This research work is limited to the impact of staff motivation on workers' productivity in Benue Polytechnic, Ugbokolo, it will embrace aspects of incentives such as promotion, delegation, training, workers remuneration as tolls for effective job productivity and satisfaction.

1.6.2 Limitations of the Study

        There are some hindrances and limiting factors that impeded the effectiveness and efficient limiting of this project. Some of the factors include:

Attitude of Respondents: Some respondents felt reluctant to give out information when questioned, this was due to security reasons which made the exercise difficult.

Network Failure: Network failure was another factor, faced as I was unable to reach or communicate with my respondents through phone calls at the needed time due to poor network of the institution.

Attitude of the Institution: Some institutions were unwilling to supply the needed information due to the confidential and sensitive of the data. Thus research work have to source for the available data.

Financial Factor: Another problem faced during the course of carrying out this research work is inadequate transportation cost due to frequent travelling to gather facts, cost of browsing to gather information, photocopying of relevant materials and others.

Time Factor: Time available for the conduct of this research and writing of this project is relatively short. 

1.8   Operational Definition of Terms

Motivation: Is defined as an internal driving force that results in the direction, intensity, and persistence of behaviour. Motivation could equally be define as that which causes an individual to forget his or her interest and pursue the interest of an organization

Management: is the act of getting things done through and with people

Incentives: it refers to any means that makes an employee desire or to do better, try harder and expand more energy

Productivity: is the output one is able to offer to the society or organization as in expected achievement

Workers: a person worked for far salaries or wages or one who work in organization

Work: mental activity or engage in physical activity 

Performance: How well or badly an individual worker works when measured against per-determined standard

Job: job is a task responsibility or a particular piece of work an individual is expected to perform

Reward: rewards are desirable outcome from one's performance or accomplishment

Morale: the amount of confidence, enthusiasm, motivation, satisfaction that an individual or an individual at a particular time

Impact: The impression made by a person, things or idea.

1.8 Organization of Work

        This research work is being divided into five chapters. Each chapter gives a brief summary of the entire research work.

        Chapter one states the problems that bring about this research work and objectives of the study as well as significance of the study. In this chapter, you can also see some questions that guided the conduct of the study, the scope of the study, statement of hypotheses and operational definition of terms.

        Chapter two stress on the literature review of different authors concerning overview of motivation, theories of motivation, importance of motivation, needs of motivation as well as the various ways of motivating workers.

        Chapter three talked about the research methodology which includes basic research design, population and sampling techniques of data analysis and justification of the method and techniques.

        Chapter four deals with the registration and analysis of data collected. The findings of the research were also discussed in the chapter.

        Finally, chapter five summarizes the research given consideration to findings are made in the work as well as recommendation.     

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