CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study In every organization there are people who ensure that the system continues, these are the management personnel’s. The system cannot function well if decisions are made instantaneously. It can only excel where there is a planning process. Effective planning is an integral part of organizational strategies to ensure the smooth running of a system. Effective planning is always future oriented. It beings with the formulation of clean aims and objectives most organization have multiple objective related to their production, services and social dimension same objectives are short termed, once these objectives have been established, ways must be designed to pursue when successful in an bureaucratic set up like organization existing method of executive plans could only be modified due to laws and decrees of such entities organization. Effect of planning is not how precisely we can product future, but how to uncover things we must do today in order to have a future it bridges the gap between where we are now and where we want to be in a desired future. To do this, the organization must maintain a balance between organization result and means. This principle requires analytical and synthesizing ability on the part of the organization. To make empirical and viable decisions, the organization need tools or devices to get necessary information or the evaluation of various options for an administration, effect of planning and decision making are never ending process, a process centered to the organization and administration. 1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Effect of planning and decision making are two crucial and interrelated aspect of administration that must be understood and appropriately carried out in order to successfully achieve organization goals. It has been the lack of understanding the intricacies of importance of planning and decision making that sometimes influence organizational authority into making decisions and plans are unprofitable to the continuity of their operations. In bid to solve this problem with viable solutions this study is sought out to look into different approaches of effect of planning as well as improving the effectiveness of decision making in order to create an atmosphere where workers in the organization will work together in a cordial environment through effect of good planning and decision making. 1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY The main objective of this study is effect of planning on decision making and organization effectiveness. But for the successful completion of the study; the researcher intends to achieve the following sub-objectives; 1. To ascertain the effect of planning on decision making and organizational effectiveness 2. To ascertain whether effective decision making bring about harmonious relationship in an organization. 3. To ascertain the level of decision making for organizational effectiveness. 4. To ascertain the relationship between planning and decision making in organization 1.4 RESEARCH HYPOTHESES For the successful completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were formulated by the researcher; H0: there is no effect of planning on decision making and organizational effectiveness H1: there is effect of planning on decision making and organizational effectiveness H02: there is no significant relationship between planning and decision making in organization H2: there is a significant relationship between planning and decision making in organization 1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY This work shall be of immense significance to decision makes in the Nigeria organization in one hand as well as those who may went to use the library in future because it will serve as basis for those who will want to study in the same research topic (effect of planning and decision making) it will serve to educate them, that behind every result oriented endeavor it has to do with adequate planning. Because he who fail to plan, plan to fail. Through this the need the organization cannot be over emphasis as a measure for meeting expected needs. The study will also be of great benefit to the researchers who intends to embark on research on similar topics as it will serve as a guide. Finally, the study will be of great importance to academia’s, lecturers, teachers, students and the general public. 1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY The scope of the study covers effect of planning on decision making and organization effectiveness. The researcher encounters some constrain which limited the scope of the study; a) AVAILABILITY OF RESEARCH MATERIAL: The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study b) TIME: The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study. c) Organizational privacy: Limited Access to the selected auditing firm makes it difficult to get all the necessary and required information concerning the activities. DEFINITION OF TERMS PLANNING: Planning is the process of thinking about and organizing the activities required to achieve a desired goal. It involves the creation and maintenance of a plan, such as psychological aspects that require conceptual skills DECISION: A conclusion or resolution reached after consideration. ORGANIZATION: An organized body of people with a particular purpose, especially a business, society, association, etc. EFFECTIVENESS: Effectiveness is the capability of producing a desired result or the ability to produce desired output. When something is deemed effective, it means it has an intended or expected outcome, or produces a deep, vivid impression. 1.8 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study. Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature. Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding. Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study.

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